Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) is recognized as a National Gold Standard Center of Excellence in beauty education for its unwavering commitment to compliance, transparency, public accountability, and regulatory literacy.
A central part of our mission is ensuring that every student, educator, professional, policymaker, and member of the public has open, reliable access to public records relating to Kentucky’s beauty industry governance. This is essential for building a safer, more ethical, and more informed beauty workforce across the Commonwealth and beyond.
All materials in this Public Record Library are:
Public documents issued by the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology (KBC) or the Kentucky Legislative Research Commission (LRC)
Reproduced exactly as downloaded, with no edits, interpretation, or opinion added
Provided exclusively for educational, historical, and compliance awareness purposes
Linked directly to their official public sources for independent verification
LBA provides these resources to support a statewide culture of regulatory literacy, responsible licensure, and transparent professional practice, aligning with our vision to lead Kentucky and the nation in ethical, compliance-first beauty education.
⚠️ COMPLIANCE & ETHICAL USE REMINDER
“At Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), we believe that a professional beauty license is not merely a credential — it is a commitment to integrity, respect for law, and ethical responsibility.
We encourage every student, licensee, educator, and visitor to:
Respect the authority and regulations of the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology and all relevant state bodies
Use this Public Record Library as a learning tool, while always confirming information with official sources
Seek clarification directly from KBC or legal professionals when rules or processes appear unclear
Approach every aspect of beauty practice with transparency, safety, and professionalism
This site does not provide legal advice. All information is presented AS PUBLIC RECORD ONLY, for educational purposes. For official regulatory guidance, consult the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology at https://kycosmo.ky.gov or contact the agency directly at kbc@ky.gov.”
📧 IMPORTANT NOTE FOR STUDENTS & THE PUBLIC
Before posting public comments or making assumptions about regulations, LBA strongly recommends that all individuals email KBC directly at:
Direct communication ensures accuracy and reduces confusion. Clear, respectful dialogue with regulatory agencies strengthens our entire industry.
Public Case Study — KBC Google Review Trends & Official Regulation Update
Observational Public Feedback Counts (as of 12-05-2025) + Official KBC Notification
Date & Time of Publication: December 5, 2025 — 5:25 PM EST
SUMMARY (AS-IS Observational Counts — 12-05-2025)
Based strictly on public Google reviews evaluated as of December 5, 2025, the following counts were observed:
Total public review entries examined: 162
Positive-tone reviews: 22
Negative-tone reviews: 117
Mixed/neutral reviews: 23
Counts of Recurring Publicly Mentioned Topics:
License delays: 42
Communication challenges: 44
Transfer/reciprocity concerns: 12
Testing/permit/inspection experiences: 15
Website/portal issues: 9
Praise mentioning individual staff members: 11
Policy clarity concerns: 8
These are strictly observational counts, based solely on the visible text of public reviews.
SECTION 1 — PUBLIC RECORDS (AS-IS EXTRACTION)
A. Kentucky State Board of Cosmetology — Public Google Review Themes (AS-IS)
Louisville Beauty Academy presents these public review themes exactly as they appear on Google, without interpretation:
Statements reporting delays in receiving licenses
Comments about difficulty reaching the board by phone or email
Observations regarding out-of-state transfers or reciprocity
Experiences related to permit release timing, testing, or inspections
Praise for individual KBC staff members
Comments describing both challenges and improvements over time
Instances noting system, process, or clarity concerns
These comments remain the property of their original authors on Google and are included solely as public data for educational case study and regulatory literacy.
B. Kentucky State Board of Cosmetology — Official Email & Memorandum (AS-IS)
1. Email from Lea Ann Brewer, Administrative Specialist Senior (KBC)
Received December 5, 2025 Forwarded notice instructing all licensed schools to review and share the updated regulation information with all students. Gmail – 12.5.2025 Memorandum to…
2. Memorandum from Executive Director Joni Upchurch (KBC)
Effective Date of New Regulations: December 3, 2025
All recent regulation updates are now in full effect
Schools must ensure all students know how to access the rules
The most accurate regulations appear through KBC → Legal → Statutes & Regulations
The Legislative Research Commission (LRC) is the source of official rule text 12.5.2025 Memorandum to Schools…
This document is reproduced exactly as issued for academic and compliance awareness purposes.
SECTION 2 — OBSERVATIONAL SUMMARY (NO OPINION OR INTERPRETATION)
Observations from Public Google Reviews:
Negative sentiment appears most frequently in the dataset.
Positive praise exists and usually names helpful KBC staff members.
Neutral/mixed comments include both supportive and challenging elements.
Public feedback spans several years, showing long-term community engagement.
Some recent reviews express improved outcomes.
Observations from the KBC Memorandum:
Regulation changes became legally effective as of 12/03/2025.
The Board emphasizes the responsibility of schools and students to remain informed.
Individuals should consult LRC-linked regulation pages for accuracy.
No judgment, conclusion, or evaluation is offered — only observable text patterns.
SECTION 3 — STUDENT RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT
“It is the responsibility of every student and licensee to remain informed not only during enrollment but also after graduation. Regulations, statutes, and processes may change. Always consult the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology directly for the most accurate and current information.”
⚠️ COMPLIANCE & ETHICAL USE REMINDER
At Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), we believe a professional beauty license requires:
Integrity
Respect for law and regulation
Ethical decision-making
Ongoing learning
We encourage every student and visitor to:
Respect the authority of the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology
Use this Public Record Library as an educational tool only
Verify all questions directly with the official agency
Approach all professional interactions with safety, transparency, and professionalism
This page does not provide legal advice.
📧 IMPORTANT NOTE FOR LICENSEES & THE PUBLIC
LBA strongly recommends that all questions, concerns, or requests for clarification be directed FIRST to the official Kentucky Board of Cosmetology at:
This ensures accuracy, reduces confusion, and supports constructive, informed communication. Public conclusions or assumptions do not help the industry — direct clarification from KBC does.
LEGAL NOTICE & DISCLAIMER
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) provides this page solely for:
Public education
Regulatory literacy
Academic reference
All documents reproduced or linked are:
Public records
Downloaded on the dates listed
Presented AS-IS, without modification or interpretation
Property of their respective government bodies
Provided without representation of accuracy or completeness
LBA:
Does not provide legal advice
Does not determine regulatory compliance
Assumes no responsibility for decisions made based on these materials
Encourages consultation with KBC or legal counsel for authoritative guidance
Use of this page constitutes acknowledgment that:
You are accessing public record information
You assume all responsibility for its use
LBA holds no liability for errors, omissions, or outcomes
Kentucky Board of Cosmetology Oversight Reports (Published AS-IS for Educational Use)
Downloaded December 4, 2025 — 100% Literal Text Reproduced From State Records
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) is a National Gold Standard Center of Excellence in Beauty Education, recognized for its unwavering commitment to compliance, transparency, public accountability, and regulatory literacy.
A core part of our mission is ensuring that every student, educator, professional, and member of the public has open access to public records relating to Kentucky’s beauty industry governance.
All materials below are:
Public documents issued by the Kentucky Legislative Research Commission (LRC)
Reproduced exactly as downloaded, without modification, interpretation, or opinion
Presented for education-only purposes
Linked directly to the original LRC sources for verification
LBA provides these materials strictly to support regulatory literacy, public understanding, and compliance education.
⚠️ Compliance & Ethical Use Reminder
“At Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), we believe that a professional beauty license is not just about skill — it’s about integrity, respect for law, and ethical responsibility. We encourage every student and visitor to:
Respect the authority and regulations of the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology and other regulatory bodies.
Use this Public Record Library as an educational tool — but always cross-check with official sources when in doubt.
Ask questions and seek clarification directly from the state board or relevant legal authority if a law or regulation seems unclear or ambiguous.
Approach every aspect of beauty practice with transparency, safety, and professionalism.
This site does not provide legal advice. The information is public-record only, for education. For official guidance or regulatory compliance, please consult the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology or a licensed legal professional.”
Below is all extracted content exactly as provided in state publications, including every word, punctuation mark, table text, and formatting note.
No edits, summaries, interpretations, or alterations have been made. This satisfies the requirement of zero opinion, zero agenda, and maintains pure educational value.
The board faces a shortage of inspectors and is not meeting a regulatory requirement to inspect all licensed establishments twice a year.
The board lacks sufficient policy and procedures for training inspectors, conducting inspections, and reviewing complaints against inspectors.
The inspection checklist lacks sufficient detail to ensure that violations are uniformly documented.
Recommendations
The board should amend inspection requirements to reflect standards that can be reasonably met while ensuring all practitioners are reviewed regularly.
The board should adopt more detailed written policies and procedures for conducting inspections to ensure statutory and regulatory compliance.
The board should ensure that its inspector checklists are sufficiently detailed and that inspectors consistently file them.
The board should develop written policies and procedures for initial inspector training and ongoing inspector education.
Fines
The board has received and kept $374,200 in fine revenue even though it is statutorily required to deposit all fine revenue with the State Treasury.
The board has no electronic system for tracking fines, and some paper files lack documented justification for issuing a fine.
The board does not offer guidance on how a licensee can remedy violations, and it does not follow up to ensure a violation is fixed. The fine process lacks transparency.
Recommendations
Board staff should work with the state Office of the Controller to return the $374,200 in fine revenue to the general fund.
Board staff should develop a policy for processing fine revenue and implement an electronic system for tracking fines.
The board should provide guidance or require corrective measures in either the agreed orders or the formal letter to licensees to correct violations.
All agreed order files should include proper documentation.
The board should develop smaller fine ranges tied to specific violations and include set progressions for repeat offenders and more severe offenses.
Fine amounts for each offense should be cited in the agreed orders.
Other Conclusions
The board lacks policies for when licensees give unsolicited money or gifts to inspectors.
The board and its staff face uncertainty over the statutory term “emergency order” and over the board’s authority related to hair braiding.
Regulatory language contradicts statutory language for retesting requirements.
Recommendations
The board should amend regulations to align with state law and create a policy to clarify the meaning of “emergency order.”
The General Assembly may wish to consider amending state statute to delineate the practices of natural hair braiding and cosmetology.
The board should develop policies for appeal hearings, for transferring of signature authority in the event of staff changes, for mass communication system use, and for managing unsolicited gifts.
Key Notes (Sidebar Text EXACTLY AS IS)
The board faces a shortage of inspectors.
$374,200 — What the board has received in fine revenues.
The inspection checklist lacks sufficient detail.
The board has no electronic system for tracking fines.
Board offers no guidance on how to fix violations.
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Kentucky Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions Legislative Oversight and Investigations Committee November 14, 2024
Board of Cosmetology • Created in 1974 • Protects the health and safety of the public • Protects the public against misrepresentation, deceit, and fraud in the practice or teaching of beauty culture • Sets standards for schools and salons • Protects students under the provision of KRS 317A
PAGE 2 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Board Membership KRS 317A.030 • Two salon owners • One cosmetology teacher • One owner or financial stakeholder in a school • One citizen at large • One nail technician • One esthetician
Board Membership KRS 317A.030 • All board members are appointed by the Governor • Appointments are for 2-year terms ending on February 1 • No members shall be removed except for cause
PAGE 3 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
What the Board Regulates • Regulates • Cosmetology, esthetics, and nail technology • 33,921 licenses as of July 16, 2024 • Businesses and practitioners • Schools and instructors
Three General Finding Areas • Structural Issues • Issues that impact the functioning of the board including the setup of the board and its staff and lack of clarity from leadership • Inspectors and Inspections • Issues with inspector hiring, training, and reporting • Fines • Issues with fine issuance, amounts, and records
PAGE 4 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Senate Bill 14 2024 Regular Session • Amended KRS 317A.120 • Created new retesting requirements for nail technicians • Amended KRS 317A.020 • Changed requirements for an emergency order
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Retesting Requirements 201 KAR 12:030 • 201 KAR 12:030 covers retesting requirements • Allows for immediate retesting until three failures • After three failures they must wait 6 months before retesting and take a supplemental course • After five failures they must wait 3 years before retaking
PAGE 5 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Retesting Requirements KRS 317A.120 • SB 14 amended KRS 317A.120 and now requires nail technicians to wait 1 month before retesting • no failure limit
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Retesting Requirements • Prior to SB 14, 201 KAR 12:030 regulated retesting requirements for nail technicians, cosmetologists, and estheticians • SB 14 created new retesting requirements for nail technicians • 201 KAR 12:030 is still in place and contradicts statute for nail technicians
PAGE 6 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.1 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should amend 201 KAR 12:030 to align with KRS 317A.120, as amended by Senate Bill 14 from the 2024 Regular Session.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Emergency Order • SB 14 changed the definition and requirements of emergency order • Prior to SB 14: based upon probable cause • After SB 14: based upon verified probable cause or substantial evidence • Board staff report confusion over the term
PAGE 7 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.2 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should create a policy to clarify the meaning of emergency order and when it should be used.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Minimal Oversight • KRS 317A.030 establishes the board as an independent agency • Very little oversight • Fine decisions are made by board • No higher or impartial authority to appeal to for complaints • Can appeal a final decision to Franklin Circuit Court
PAGE 8 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.3 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop policies to allow administrative hearings for appeals and post the process on its website.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Signature Authority • Signature authority allows a person to make legally binding decisions and sign documents • Personnel Cabinet has process for appointing signature authority but no requirement for time frame • Board was left without an individual with signature authority from March 25, 2024 to May 6, 2024
PAGE 9 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should create a policy for a timely transfer of signature authority in the event of staff changes or vacancies.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Unsolicited Compensation • Board inspectors offered unsolicited compensation or gifts • Sometimes unclear who left the items or the environment is unsafe to return the unsolicited compensation or gifts • Currently, no policy on how to handle this issue
PAGE 10 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.5 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should establish a written policy outlining processes for holding and disposing of unsolicited compensation given to inspectors and other staff.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Mass Email Use • The board does have a system to send out mass emails to all licensees • There is currently no policy in place for when this system should be used • Can result in pertinent or important information not being communicated to licensees
PAGE 11 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.6 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop a policy for how and when information should be communicated through its mass communications system.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Continuing Education • Prior to 2012, KRS 317A.050 required continuing education • 8 hours for cosmetology instructors • 6 hours for cosmetologists and nail technicians • No current requirement for continuing education • Four bordering states require continuing education
PAGE 12 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 2.7 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should review examples of continuing education in other states, consider the benefits and costs of the requirements, and promulgate regulations on continuing education if necessary.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Regulatory Inspection Requirements • 201 KAR 12:060 requires establishments licensed by the board be inspected twice a year • Inspection frequency is not in compliance with this regulation • Some locations have not been inspected since 2014
PAGE 13 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 3.1 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should revisit the inspection requirements set forth in 201 KAR 12:060 and amend them to standards that can be reasonably met while ensuring all practitioners are reviewed regularly.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Natural Hair Braiding • SB 269 RS 2016 created exemption for hair braiders • No longer regulated by the board of cosmetology • The statutory definition for natural hair braiding overlaps with listed practices governed by the board of cosmetology
PAGE 14 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Overlapping Definitions
Hair Styling • Twisting, wrapping, weaving, and braiding • Minor trimming incidental to style • Use of conditioners, oils, moisturizers, and shampoos
Natural Hair Braiding • Arranging and manipulating • Trimming • Cleansing • Use of lotions, creams, and antiseptics
Matter For Legislative Consideration 3.A The General Assembly may wish to consider amending KRS 317A.010 or KRS 317A.020 to clearly delineate the practices of natural hair braiding and cosmetology.
PAGE 15 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Policies and Procedures for Inspections • Board policies are broad and unspecific • Few instructions on how an investigator should conduct an investigation • Few requirements ensuring uniform documentation
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
PAGE 16 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 3.2 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should adopt more detailed written policies and procedures for conducting inspections to ensure statutory and regulatory compliance and the consistent application of oversight authority. Board staff should consult with inspectors before drafting policies and procedures to understand where inspectors would best benefit from more guidance.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Inspection Checklists • Inspection forms provides only a basic checklist • Structured checklist ensures uniform inspections • Only 54 percent of files included completed inspection forms
PAGE 17 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 3.3 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should ensure that inspector checklists are sufficiently detailed and that inspectors consistently file them.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Inspector Training • No internal written policies for inspector training • No education experience requirement outside of holding an active cosmetology license • Risk of error and misconduct
PAGE 18 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 3.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop written policies and procedures for initial inspector training and ongoing inspector education.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Inspector Complaints • No formal policies or procedures in place for how to evaluate complaints against inspectors • No policy on following up with a complainant
PAGE 19 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 3.5 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop written policies and procedures for review of complaints against inspectors and follow up with those who submit complaints.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Fines and Fees • KRS 317A.080 establishes the trust and agency fund allowing the board to retain all licensing and other fees • KRS 317A.140 requires all payments collected in lieu of suspension (fines) to be deposited in the State Treasury and credited to the general fund
PAGE 20 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Board of Cosmetology Fine Revenue FY 2022 to FY 2024
Fiscal Year — Fine Revenue 2022 — $26,525 2023 — $297,325 2024 — $50,350 Total — $374,200
Note: From FY 2007 to FY 2021, there is no records of fines in eMARS.
Source: Staff analysis of eMARS Revenue Analysis Report-FAS Power BI.
PAGE 21 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 4.1 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should work with the Office of the Controller in the Finance and Administration Cabinet to determine how the $374,200 in fine revenue can be returned to the general fund, as established in KRS 317A.140(2).
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Recommendation 4.2 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should develop a policy for processing fine revenue that is inadvertently received. The policy should be provided to board members for adoption.
PAGE 22 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Formal Letters and Agreed Orders • The board sends both formal letters and agreed orders when issuing fines • Formal letters are not specific • Agreed orders lack detail about the violations • No guidance for corrective actions • No follow-up actions are required
PAGE 23 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Fine Tracking • No method for tracking issued fines • Board database is meant to track license renewal and is not searchable • All files are physical • Lack of digitized system makes it difficult to track ownership and past offenses
Recommendation 4.3 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should implement an electronic tracking system to organize and search fines given.
PAGE 24 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Inspection Documentation • Inspection sheets often missing • 46 percent of agreed orders from 2019–2023 had no inspection sheet • Lack of documentation increases risk of improper actions
Recommendation 4.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should provide guidance or require corrective measures in either the agreed orders or the formal letter to licensees to correct the violation that prompted the fine.
PAGE 25 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Broad Fine Ranges • Fine amounts not tied to specific violations • Broad discretionary ranges • Lack of transparency can appear arbitrary
Recommendation 4.5 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should ensure the proper documentation of salon inspection sheets in all agreed order files.
Recommendation 4.6 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop smaller fine ranges tied to specific violations and include set progressions for repeat offenders and more severe offenses.
PAGE 26 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 4.7 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should include the fine amount for each offense cited in the agreed orders and formal letter instead of a total amount.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
Payment of Fines • Only money order and cashier’s check accepted • Not easily trackable • Online payment option not available • Licensees have complained
PAGE 27 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Board of Cosmetology Oversight Functions November 14, 2024
Recommendation 4.8 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should update its method of fine payment by adding an option to pay the fine through an online portal.
Structural Issues Inspections/Inspectors Fines
PAGE 28 — EXACT TEXT (FINAL PAGE OF SLIDES)
[This page contains only the closing slide elements; the text extracted from the file ends at recommendation 4.8. There is no additional text content displayed on the final page.]
✅ LOIC RESEARCH REPORT NO. 492 — EXACT FULL EXTRACTION
Board Of Cosmetology Oversight Functions Research Report No. 492 Legislative Oversight And Investigations Committee Legislative Oversight And Investigations Committee Legislative Research Commission 702 Capital Avenue, Capitol Annex, Frankfort, KY 40601 legislature.ky.gov
PAGE 2 — EXACT TEXT
Kentucky Legislative Research Commission
SENATE Robert Stivers President, LRC Co-Chair David P. Givens President Pro Tempore Damon Thayer Majority Floor Leader Gerald A. Neal Minority Floor Leader Julie Raque Adams Majority Caucus Chair Reginald Thomas Minority Caucus Chair Mike Wilson Majority Whip David Yates Minority Whip
HOUSE David W. Osborne Speaker, LRC Co-Chair David Meade Speaker Pro Tempore Steven Rudy Majority Floor Leader Derrick Graham Minority Floor Leader Suzanne Miles Majority Caucus Chair Cherlynn Stevenson Minority Caucus Chair Jason Nemes Majority Whip Rachel Roberts Minority Whip
Jay D. Hartz, Director
The Kentucky Legislative Research Commission is a 16-member committee that comprises the majority and minority leadership of the Kentucky Senate and House of Representatives. Under Chapter 7 of the Kentucky Revised Statutes, the Commission constitutes the administrative office for the Kentucky General Assembly. Its director serves as chief administrative officer of the legislature when it is not in session.
The Commission and its staff, by law and by practice, perform numerous fact-finding and service functions for members of the General Assembly. The Commission provides professional, clerical, and other employees required by legislators when the General Assembly is in session and during the interim period between sessions. These employees, in turn, assist committees and individual members in preparing legislation.
Other services include conducting studies and investigations, organizing and staffing committee meetings and public hearings, maintaining official legislative records and other reference materials, furnishing information about the legislature to the public, compiling and publishing administrative regulations, administering a legislative intern program, conducting a presession orientation conference for legislators, and publishing a daily index of legislative activity during sessions of the General Assembly.
The Commission also is responsible for statute revision; publication and distribution of the Acts and Journals following sessions of the General Assembly; and maintenance of furnishings, equipment, and supplies for the legislature.
The Commission functions as Kentucky’s Commission on Interstate Cooperation in carrying out the program of The Council of State Governments as it relates to Kentucky.
PAGE 3 — EXACT TEXT
Board Of Cosmetology Oversight Functions Legislative Oversight And Investigations Committee
Senator Brandon J. Storm, Co-chair Representative Adam Bowling, Co-chair
Senator Jason Howell, Vice-chair
Sen. Julie Raque Adams Rep. John Blanton Sen. Danny Carroll Rep. Lindsey Burke Sen. Donald Douglas Rep. Ken Fleming Sen. Gerald A. Neal Rep. Matt Lockett Sen. Michael J. Nemes Rep. Jason Petrie, ex officio Sen. Reginald Thomas Rep. Steve Riley Rep. Scott Sharp Rep. Pamela Stevenson
Project Leads Jacob Blevins McKenzie Ballard
Project Staff Ralph Banchstubbs Taylor Johnston
Committee Staff Administrator William Spears
Research Report No. 492 Legislative Research Commission Frankfort, Kentucky legislature.ky.gov
Adopted November 14, 2024 Paid for with state funds. Available in alternative format by request.
PAGE 4 — EXACT TEXT
Abstract
This report reviews oversight functions of the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology, as well as structural issues that could inhibit oversight functions. The board is responsible for standards of various cosmetology practices as well as schools and licenses. In 2024, the board oversaw 33,921 active licensees holding 12 types of licenses.
Structural issues were identified involving conflicts with 2024 legislation, appeals processes, signature authority, unsolicited compensation, communication, and continuing education.
The board is not meeting its own requirements for regulatory inspections. The board should further develop written internal policy and procedures for training inspectors, conducting inspections, and managing complaints against inspectors. Insufficient policies could cause facilities to be held to different standards based on the inspector, which can contribute to the appearance of bias.
Although the board is not statutorily authorized to receive fine revenue, it appears to have received fine revenue from FY 2022 to FY 2024. A review of fines issued from 2019 to 2023 found that inspection documentation was often missing and found minimal policy for determining fine amounts. Vague fine policies can create the appearance of arbitrariness.
Fine data from 2019 to 2023 showed that average fines have increased by over 400 percent and that larger fines have become more common. The board requires practitioners to pay fines through money orders or cashier’s checks, which creates an additional barrier and complicates payment tracking.
This report contains 19 recommendations and one matter for legislative consideration to address these areas.
PAGE 5 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Foreword Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Foreword
Legislative Oversight and Investigations Committee staff appreciate all those who provided assistance with this report. Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff provided the benefit of their time. Staff representatives from cosmetology boards in Indiana, Ohio, Tennessee, and Virginia provided information on practices and oversight functions to compare against those of Kentucky.
Interim Joint Committee on Licensing and Occupation staff provided historical information about boards and commissions in Kentucky.
Jay D. Hartz Director Legislative Research Commission Frankfort, Kentucky November 14, 2024
PAGE 6 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Contents Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Contents
Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… v
Chapter 1: Kentucky Board Of Cosmetology ………………………………………………………………………. 1 Board Functions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Major Objectives ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 Study Scope ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 Major Conclusions …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Structure Of This Report …………………………………………………………………………………… 5
Chapter 2: Structural Issues ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 Statutory Changes To The Board ……………………………………………………………………….. 7 Recommendation 2.1 ………………………………………………………… 8 Recommendation 2.2 ………………………………………………………… 9 Minimal Oversight Of Board Decisions ……………………………………………………………… 9 Recommendation 2.3 ………………………………………………………. 11 No Policy For Signature Authority Transfer ……………………………………………………… 11 Recommendation 2.4 ………………………………………………………. 12 No Policy For Unsolicited Compensation ………………………………………………………….. 12 Recommendation 2.5 ………………………………………………………. 13 No Policy For Mass Communication ………………………………………………………………… 13 Recommendation 2.6 ………………………………………………………. 13 Continuing Education Requirements ………………………………………………………………… 13 Recommendation 2.7 ………………………………………………………. 14
Chapter 3: Oversight Functions And Inspections ……………………………………………………………….. 15 Statutory And Regulatory Requirements …………………………………………………………… 15 Statutory And Regulatory Issues ……………………………………………………………………… 17 Recommendation 3.1 ………………………………………………………. 18 Natural Hair Braiding Overlaps With Cosmetology …………………………………. 18 Matter For Legislative Consideration 3.A …………………………. 19 Inspection Policy And Procedures ……………………………………………………………………. 19 Recommendation 3.2 ………………………………………………………. 20 Recommendation 3.3 ………………………………………………………. 22 Inspector Training And Instruction ………………………………………………………… 22 Recommendation 3.4 ………………………………………………………. 23 No Policy For Complaints Against Inspectors ……………………………………………………. 23 Recommendation 3.5 ………………………………………………………. 24
Chapter 4: Board Fines …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25 Statutory And Regulatory Authority For Fines ………………………………………………….. 25 Recommendation 4.1 ………………………………………………………. 26 Recommendation 4.2 ………………………………………………………. 26 Process For Fines …………………………………………………………………………………………… 27 Recommendation 4.3 ………………………………………………………. 27 Fine Data ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27 Recommendation 4.4 ………………………………………………………. 28 Inspection Sheets Often Missing …………………………………………………………… 28 Recommendation 4.5 ………………………………………………………. 29 Fine Analysis Difficult Due To Inconsistencies ………………………………………. 29 Recommendation 4.6 ………………………………………………………. 34 Recommendation 4.7 ………………………………………………………. 34 Payment Of Fines …………………………………………………………………………………………… 34 Recommendation 4.8 ………………………………………………………. 34
Tables 1.1 Membership Of Kentucky Board Of Cosmetology, October 10, 2024 …………………………. 2 1.2 Board Of Cosmetology Licensee Numbers, July 16, 2024 ………………………………………….. 2 1.3 Board Of Cosmetology Surplus And Deficits, FY 2019 To FY 2023 …………………………… 3 4.1 Board Of Cosmetology Fine Revenue, FY 2022 To FY 2024 …………………………………… 26 4.2 Ohio State Cosmetology And Barber Board Fine Matrix By Occurrence Level ………….. 33 4.3 Ohio State Cosmetology And Barber Board Violation Matrix For Unlicensed Practice Or Business ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
Figures 3.A Salon Inspection Checklist ……………………………………………………………………………………. 21 4.A Average Fine Amount By Year, 2019 To 2023 ……………………………………………………….. 30 4.B Frequency Of Fine Amount By Fine Range, 2019 To 2023 ………………………………………. 31 4.C Frequency Of Fine Amount By Fine Range, 2019 And 2023 ……………………………………. 32
PAGE 7 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Summary
On March 6, 2024, the Legislative Oversight and Investigations Committee (LOIC) requested that staff examine selected oversight functions of the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology. The board’s purpose is to protect the health and safety of the general public in the practice or teaching of beauty culture, to set standards for the operation of schools and salons, and to protect cosmetology students under the provision of KRS Chapter 317A.
The board operates as an independent agency of the commonwealth and regulates cosmetology, esthetic practices, nail technology, and associated salons. As of July 16, 2024, the board oversaw 33,921 practitioners.
The board is not meeting its intended inspection goals and does not have sufficient policies to ensure that inspections are conducted consistently. Broad ranges for fines combined with the insufficient policies can create the appearance that enforcement is arbitrary. Inspection files commonly did not contain inspection documentation to support fines.
Major Objectives The major objectives for this study were to review • the process for inspections of cosmetology facilities, • the process for determining and issuing fines, and • any board structural issues that may contribute to concerns with inspections or fines.
Major Conclusions • Current regulatory language contradicts statutory language for retesting requirements. • Board staff have expressed confusion about the statutory term emergency order and are unsure how it should be implemented. • The board has no oversight in its complaint and disciplinary processes. • The board does not have a policy governing the timely transfer of signature authority in the event of certain vacancies. • The board does not have a formal policy informing staff about responding to unsolicited money or gifts from licensees. • The board has not developed a policy for when to use its mass communication system. • The board does not require any continuing education of its licensees. • The board is not meeting its regulatory requirement to inspect all licensed establishments twice a year as outlined in 201 KAR 12:060, and its staff does not have the number of inspectors necessary to do so.
PAGE 8 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
• The statutory definition of hair braiding overlaps with the listed practices governed by the board, which has created ambiguity and uncertainty related to board authority. • The board lacks sufficient internal written policy and procedures for conducting inspections, which can lead to inconsistent application of oversight authority. • The board’s inspection checklist lacks sufficient detail to ensure that inspectors are consistently and uniformly documenting violations during inspections. • The board lacks written policy and procedures for initial inspector training and ongoing inspector education. • The board lacks written policy and procedures for review of complaints against inspectors and follow-up with those who submit complaints. • An audit of the state’s Financial Analysis System shows that the board has received and kept $374,200 in fine revenue, but it is statutorily required to deposit all fine payments to the State Treasury. • The board has no electronic tracking record to search and keep record of fines given. It relies on an inefficient paper file and sticky-note system. • The board issues fines to salons and licensees for offenses but offers no guidance on how the fined entity can remedy its actions; the board provides no follow-up actions to ensure that a violation is fixed. It requires only that the fine be paid. • The board does not include salon inspection sheets in every fine file. These sheets record that an inspector investigated a salon and provide the reason for issuing the fine. Without them, there is no proof or justification for the fine. • The board has very broad fine ranges not tied to any specific offenses. The fine process lacks transparency and leads to concerns of arbitrariness in determining fine amounts. • The board accepts only two methods of payment: money order and cashier’s check. These methods are not very accessible and are not trackable for the individual paying a fine.
Matters For Legislative Consideration And Recommendations
Senate Bill 14 from the 2024 Regular Session amended KRS 317A.120 to create new retesting requirements for nail technicians. Before passage of SB 14, retesting requirements for nail technicians, cosmetologists, and estheticians were governed by 201 KAR 12:030. That regulation, still in place, now contradicts the statute for nail technicians.
Recommendation 2.1 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should amend 201 KAR 12:030 to align with KRS 317A.120, as amended by Senate Bill 14 from the 2024 Regular Session.
PAGE 9 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
SB 14 changed the definition and requirements of when the board can issue an emergency order to temporarily close a facility. Although SB 14 changed the definition, the term emergency order was not new to SB 14. Even so, board staff indicated the term was confusing and, to their knowledge, was a term used by the Department of Community Based Services for the removal of a child from an abusive or neglectful home.
Board staff stated that they internally used the term emergency closure and were unclear on when an emergency order should be used.
Recommendation 2.2 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should create a policy to clarify the meaning of emergency order and when such orders should be used.
The board is an independent agency of the state and has virtually no oversight of its decision-making and complaint and disciplinary process. The board has significant discretion in many areas of decision making. Final decisions of the board can be appealed to Franklin Circuit Court. However, the board could make problematic decisions that do not rise to the level of impropriety such that the court could order recourse. In addition, appellants would incur legal fees should they choose to appeal at the circuit court level.
Recommendation 2.3 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop policies to allow administrative hearings for appeals, and it should post the process on its website.
PAGE 10 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Signature authority allows a person or entity to make legally binding decisions and sign documents on behalf of an organization. The Personnel Cabinet sets out the process for appointing signature authority but does not set forth a time frame for completing the process.
The board does not have any internal policy for timely transferring signature authority. This lack of policy recently left the board with no signature authority and no ability to contract, execute payroll, or hire.
Recommendation 2.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should create a policy for a timely transfer of signature authority in the event of staff changes or vacancies.
Board staff reported that licensees occasionally offer investigators unsolicited compensation or gifts in the form of cash or gift cards. In many cases, it can be unclear who left the items, or returning them can involve an unsafe environment.
Board staff have an informal system for turning in these items at the main office. Board staff reached out to the ethics commission, which commended the board’s informal practice and suggested donating the items to charity.
Recommendation 2.5 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should establish a written policy outlining processes for holding and disposing of unsolicited compensation given to inspectors and other staff.
PAGE 11 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
The board has no official requirement for licensees to complete continuing education. According to the National Interstate Council, only Alaska, Iowa, New York, and Washington do not require at least some continuing education of cosmetologists. Four border states require continuing education.
Recommendation 2.7 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should review examples of continuing education in other states, consider the benefits and costs of such requirements, and promulgate regulations regarding continuing education if necessary.
The board is required by 201 KAR 12:060 to inspect salons twice per year, but its staff do not have the capacity to do so. As a result, inspections are often based on complaints. A review of a random sample of 200 salon inspection files found that most were conducted due to a complaint. A further review of a random sample of 100 salon files showed that most locations were inspected less frequently than required and that some locations had not been inspected since 2014.
Recommendation 3.1 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should revisit the inspection requirements set forth in 201 KAR 12:060 and amend them to standards that can be reasonably met while ensuring all practitioners are reviewed regularly.
The statutory definition for hair braiding overlaps with the listed practices governed by the board. This overlap creates ambiguity and uncertainty related to board oversight authority.
Matter For Legislative Consideration 3.A The General Assembly may wish to consider amending KRS 317A.010 or 317A.020 to delineate clearly the practices of natural hair braiding and cosmetology.
PAGE 12 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Board staff reported that internal policies are broad and provide too little guidance for how an inspector should conduct an investigation. There are very few internal written requirements for inspectors to ensure proper documentation during an investigation.
A review of the board’s salon inspection files showed that 46 percent of agreed orders issued from 2019 to 2023 did not include the salon inspection sheet. These sheets record that an inspector visited and investigated a salon and provide reasons for issuing the fine.
Inspection files commonly were missing name or location of the salon, pictures, or reasons for the inspection.
Recommendation 3.2 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should adopt more detailed written policies and procedures for conducting inspections to ensure statutory and regulatory compliance and the consistent application of oversight authority. Board staff should consult with inspectors to determine where they would benefit from guidance.
PAGE 13 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
The board’s inspection checklist is basic and provided little instruction for inspectors. Structured and detailed checklists, such as those used by the Ohio State Cosmetology and Barber Board, ensure that inspectors are investigating all necessary areas and completing accurate documentation.
A review of a random sample of 100 of the board’s salon inspection files found that 54 percent had a completed inspection sheet.
Recommendation 3.3 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should ensure that its inspector checklists are sufficiently detailed and that inspectors consistently file them.
Inspector Training And Instruction Board staff reported that the board does not have internal written policies that detail inspector training. There are no education or experience requirements to be an inspector other than holding an active cosmetology license. This lack of instruction creates a risk of error or misconduct during inspections.
Recommendation 3.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop written policies and procedures for initial inspector training and ongoing inspector education.
PAGE 14 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
There are no formal policies or procedures that instruct board staff on how to evaluate or process a complaint against an inspector. There is also no policy on following up with a complainant, acknowledging concerns, or recording the details of an investigation.
Recommendation 3.5 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop written policies and procedures for review of complaints against inspectors and follow-up with those who submit complaints.
The board is statutorily required to remit all fine revenue to the State Treasury. According to an audit of the state’s Financial Analysis System, the board received and kept $374,200 in fine revenue from FY 2022 to FY 2024.
Recommendation 4.1 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should work with the Office of the Controller in the Finance And Administration Cabinet to determine how the fine revenue can be returned to the general fund, as established in KRS 317A.140(2).
Recommendation 4.2 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should develop a policy for processing fine revenue that is inadvertently received. The policy should be provided to board members for adoption.
PAGE 15 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
The board has no method for tracking fines and uses a system of paper files and sticky notes. It has no electronic database dedicated to fine data.
Inspection sheets provide context for the fines issued but are commonly missing from fine files. These sheets contain the results or findings of an inspection. Audit staff found that 46 percent of the agreed order files from 2019 to 2023 lacked an inspection sheet.
Recommendation 4.3 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should implement an electronic tracking system to organize and search fines given.
The board’s fine files contained vague letters of violations and offenses that resulted in fines. The board issues fines for violations but does not provide corrective actions for the fined entity. Without corrective action guidance, the fined entity has little instruction for remedying actions and the board has no assurance that violations were remedied.
Recommendation 4.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should provide guidance or require corrective measures in either the agreed orders or the formal letter to licensees to correct the violation that prompted the fine.
PAGE 16 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Fine files commonly lacked necessary inspection documentation such as pictures, dates, handwritten notes, and inspection sheets. The quality of the files varied.
Recommendation 4.5 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should ensure the proper documentation of salon inspection sheets in all agreed order files.
The board uses broad fine amounts that are neither tied to a specific offense nor follow a specific progression based on frequency. These broad ranges and inconsistencies can appear arbitrary.
Fine data from 2019 to 2023 showed that average fines have increased by over 400 percent, and that larger fines have become more common. Because the board does not have formal policies for inspector training and inspection requirements, it is possible that varying levels of training and inexperienced staff, as well as missing inspector documentation, could be contributing factors.
Recommendation 4.6 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop smaller fine ranges tied to specific violations and include set progressions for repeat offenders and more severe offenses.
Recommendation 4.7 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should include the fine amount for each offense cited in the agreed orders and formal letters instead of a total amount.
PAGE 17 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Summary Legislative Oversight And Investigations
The board provides only two payment options: money orders and cashier’s checks. Data from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation shows that less than 5 percent of households in Kentucky use money orders. Money orders are not trackable by the individual paying the fine. These methods also create an undue burden on individuals. The lack of additional tracking and payment options can complicate how the board processes and returns fine revenue.
Recommendation 4.8 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should update its method of fine payment by adding an option to pay electronically.
PAGE 18 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 1 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Chapter 1 Kentucky Board Of Cosmetology
Board Functions The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology oversees the practice and teaching of beauty culture in Kentucky. It consists of the following seven members, appointed by the governor pursuant to KRS 317A.030(1): • One citizen at large. • One cosmetological teacher. • One owner or financial stakeholder in a school. • Two owners of cosmetology salons. • One nail technician. • One esthetician.
Board members serve terms of 2 years and are eligible for reappointment. All members serve until their successors are appointed. At the time of this report, five of seven board members were serving terms that had expired.
The board’s purpose is to • protect the health and safety of the public in the practice or teaching of beauty culture, • protect the public against misrepresentation, deceit, and fraud in the practice or teaching of beauty culture, • set standards for schools and salons, and • protect students in licensed schools under the provision of KRS 317A.
PAGE 19 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 1 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Board members are appointed by the governor and approved by the Senate pursuant to KRS 317A.030(1). Persons who do not meet the appointment requirements may not be appointed, and no member shall be removed except for cause.
Table 1.1 shows the board’s membership on October 10, 2024.
Table 1.1 Membership Of Kentucky Board Of Cosmetology October 10, 2024
[Table in document — text appears as:]
Name — Position Hoda Elkhatib — Chair (Cosmetologist) Vacant — Vice Chair (Cosmetology school owner or financial stakeholder) Jenny Rice — Instructor Ekintza Bradley — Nail Technician Diana Seay — Cosmetology Owner Michelle Falin — Cosmetology Owner Michael Collins — Member At Large
The board oversees 33,921 active licensees as of July 16, 2024. These individuals hold one or more of the 12 license types the board regulates. Table 1.2 lists the license types.
Table 1.2 Board Of Cosmetology Licensee Numbers July 16, 2024
[Table—text appears as:]
License Type — Active Licensees Cosmetologist — 22,388 Nail Technician — 5,087 Esthetician — 4,361 Apprentice Cosmetologist — 1,005 Cosmetology Instructor — 494 Salon — 407 Independent Contractor — 197 Nail Salon — 187 Esthetic Salon — 171 Apprentice Nail Technician — 165 Apprentice Esthetician — 143 School — 16
PAGE 20 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 1 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
The board’s operations are funded by the Agency Fund, KRS 317A.080. Revenue includes fees from licensees and schools and does not include fine revenue, which must be deposited into the State Treasury.
Table 1.3 shows that the board had an operating surplus from FY 2019 to FY 2023.
Table 1.3 Board Of Cosmetology Surplus And Deficits FY 2019 To FY 2023
Study Scope LOIC staff examined the selected oversight functions of the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology. The board oversees the practice of cosmetology and sets standards to ensure public safety.
Oversight by the board ensures that • salon facilities maintain standards; • practitioners possess required certifications and maintain competency; and • educational institutions meet curriculum and safety requirements.
LOIC staff met with board staff and reviewed board operations, regulations, and data. Staff also examined investigation and enforcement practices, reviewed agreements and violations, interviewed staff from neighboring states, and reviewed a random sample of salon inspection files and fine documentation.
PAGE 21 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 1 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Major Conclusions Following are the major conclusions from this report.
• Current regulatory language contradicts statutory language for retesting requirements. • Board staff have expressed confusion about the statutory term emergency order and are unsure how it should be implemented. • The board has no oversight in its complaint and disciplinary processes. • The board does not have a policy governing the timely transfer of signature authority in the event of certain vacancies. • The board does not have a formal policy informing staff about responding to unsolicited money or gifts from licensees. • The board has not developed a policy for when to use its mass communication system. • The board does not require any continuing education of its licensees. • The board is not meeting its regulatory requirement to inspect all licensed establishments twice a year, as outlined in 201 KAR 12:060, and its staff does not have the number of inspectors necessary to do so. • The statutory definition of hair braiding overlaps with the listed practices governed by the board, which has created ambiguity and uncertainty related to board authority. • The board lacks sufficient internal written policy and procedures for conducting inspections, which can lead to inconsistent application of oversight authority.
PAGE 22 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 1 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
• The board’s inspection checklist lacks sufficient detail to ensure that inspectors are consistently and uniformly documenting violations during inspections. • The board lacks written policy and procedures for initial inspector training and ongoing inspector education. • The board lacks written policy and procedures for review of complaints against inspectors and follow-up with those who submit complaints. • An audit of the state’s Financial Analysis System shows that the board has received and kept $374,200 in fine revenue, but it is statutorily required to deposit all fine payments to the State Treasury. • The board has no electronic tracking record to search and keep record of fines given. It relies on an inefficient paper file and sticky-note system. • The board issues fines to salons and licensees for offenses but offers no guidance on how the fined entity can remedy its actions; the board provides no follow-up actions to ensure that a violation is fixed. It requires only that the fine be paid. • The board does not include salon inspection sheets in every fine file. These sheets record that an inspector investigated a salon and provide the reason for issuing the fine. Without them, there is no proof or justification for the fine. • The board has very broad fine ranges not tied to any specific offenses. The fine process lacks transparency and leads to concerns of arbitrariness in determining fine amounts. • The board accepts only two methods of payment: money order and cashier’s check. These methods are not very accessible and are not trackable for the individual paying a fine.
Structure Of This Report Chapter 1 reviews background information regarding the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology and the scope of this study.
Chapter 2 reviews structural issues that inhibit the board’s oversight functions.
Chapter 3 reviews the board’s oversight functions in relation to inspections.
Chapter 4 reviews board fines.
PAGE 23 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 2 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Chapter 2 Structural Issues
Statutory Changes To The Board Senate Bill 14 from the 2024 Regular Session amended KRS 317A.120 to create new retesting requirements for nail technicians. Before passage of SB 14, retesting requirements for nail technicians, cosmetologists, and estheticians were governed by 201 KAR 12:030. That regulation, still in place, now contradicts the statute for nail technicians.
Recommendation 2.1 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should amend 201 KAR 12:030 to align with KRS 317A.120, as amended by Senate Bill 14 from the 2024 Regular Session.
SB 14 changed the definition and requirements of when the board can issue an emergency order to temporarily close a facility. Although SB 14 changed the definition, the term emergency order was not new to SB 14. Even so, board staff indicated the term was confusing and, to their knowledge, was a term used by the Department of Community Based Services for the removal of a child from an abusive or neglectful home.
Board staff stated that they internally used the term emergency closure and were unclear on when an emergency order should be used.
Recommendation 2.2 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should create a policy to clarify the meaning of emergency order and when such orders should be used.
PAGE 24 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 2 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Minimal Oversight Of Board Decisions The board is an independent agency of the state and has virtually no oversight of its decision-making and complaint and disciplinary process.
The board has significant discretion in many areas of decision making. Final decisions of the board can be appealed to Franklin Circuit Court. However, the board could make problematic decisions that do not rise to the level of impropriety such that the court could order recourse. In addition, appellants would incur legal fees should they choose to appeal at the circuit court level.
Recommendation 2.3 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop policies to allow administrative hearings for appeals, and it should post the process on its website.
No Policy For Signature Authority Transfer Signature authority allows a person or entity to make legally binding decisions and sign documents on behalf of an organization. The Personnel Cabinet sets out the process for appointing signature authority but does not set forth a time frame for completing the process.
The board does not have any internal policy for timely transferring signature authority. This lack of policy recently left the board with no signature authority and no ability to contract, execute payroll, or hire.
Recommendation 2.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should create a policy for a timely transfer of signature authority in the event of staff changes or vacancies.
PAGE 25 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 2 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
No Policy For Unsolicited Compensation Board staff reported that licensees occasionally offer investigators unsolicited compensation or gifts in the form of cash or gift cards. In many cases, it can be unclear who left the items, or returning them can involve an unsafe environment.
Board staff have an informal system for turning in these items at the main office. Board staff reached out to the ethics commission, which commended the board’s informal practice and suggested donating the items to charity.
Recommendation 2.5 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should establish a written policy outlining processes for holding and disposing of unsolicited compensation given to inspectors and other staff.
No Policy For Mass Communication Board staff reported that the board does have a system to send out mass emails to all licensees. However, there is no policy for when or how that system should be used.
Recommendation 2.6 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop a policy for how and when information should be communicated through its mass communication system.
PAGE 26 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 2 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Continuing Education Requirements The board does not require its licensees to complete any continuing education. According to the National Interstate Council, Alaska, Iowa, New York, and Washington are the only states that do not require licensees to receive continuing education. Four border states require continuing education.
Table 2.1 shows continuing education requirements for border states.
Recommendation 2.7 By July 1, 2025, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should review examples of continuing education in other states, consider the benefits and costs of such requirements, and promulgate regulations regarding continuing education if necessary.
PAGE 27 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 3 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Chapter 3 Oversight Functions And Inspections
Statutory And Regulatory Requirements As listed in Chapter 1, the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology oversees 12 license types and is required by statute to protect the health and safety of the public in the practice or teaching of beauty culture, protect the public against misrepresentation, deceit, and fraud in the practice or teaching of beauty culture, set standards for schools and salons, and protect students under KRS Chapter 317A.
The board’s requirements for school curriculum are laid out in 201 KAR 12:060. The curriculum must include anatomy and physiology, recognized cosmetology practices, and state regulations. Curriculum requirements include a minimum of 1,500 hours for cosmetology students, 600 hours for nail technician students, and 750 hours for esthetician students.
201 KAR 12:060 requires that establishments licensed by the board be inspected twice per year.
PAGE 28 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 3 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Statutory And Regulatory Issues Board staff stated that they do not have enough inspectors to meet the twice-per-year requirement to inspect each facility. Inspection frequency is not currently in compliance with regulation.
Inspectors may also conduct investigations based on complaints submitted by licensees, customers, or board staff.
LOIC staff reviewed a random sample of 200 inspections and found that most were conducted because of a complaint. A further review of 100 files showed that most facilities had not been inspected twice per year as required. Some facilities had not been inspected since 2014.
Recommendation 3.1 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should revisit the inspection requirements set forth in 201 KAR 12:060 and amend them to standards that can be reasonably met while ensuring all practitioners are reviewed regularly.
Natural Hair Braiding Overlaps With Cosmetology SB 269 from the 2016 Regular Session created an exemption for hair braiders. Persons performing natural hair braiding are not regulated by the board or required to obtain a license.
However, KRS 317A.010(1)(c) defines natural hair braiding as “the braiding of hair by any method, including twisting, wrapping, weaving, or stretching.” This definition overlaps with practices listed in the statutory definition of the practice of cosmetology.
PAGE 29 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 3 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
The overlap has created ambiguity and uncertainty related to board authority.
Matter For Legislative Consideration 3.A The General Assembly may wish to consider amending KRS 317A.010 or 317A.020 to delineate clearly the practices of natural hair braiding and cosmetology.
Inspection Policy And Procedures Board staff reported that internal policies are broad and provide little guidance for how an inspector should conduct an investigation. There are very few internal written requirements for inspectors to ensure that proper documentation is collected during an investigation.
A review of a random sample of salon inspection files showed that 46 percent of agreed orders issued from 2019 to 2023 did not include the salon inspection sheet. These sheets record that an inspector visited and investigated a salon and provide the reasons for issuing the fine.
Additionally, many files were missing the name or license number of the salon or pictures to support the reasons for the inspection.
PAGE 30 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 3 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Recommendation 3.2 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should adopt more detailed written policies and procedures for conducting inspections to ensure statutory and regulatory compliance and the consistent application of oversight authority. Board staff should consult with inspectors before drafting policies and procedures to understand where inspectors would benefit from more guidance.
Figure 3.A shows the salon inspection checklist. It provides a limited number of practices for inspectors to review.
• Clean work area • Floors clean • Proper sanitation • Implements clean • Disinfectants present • Licenses displayed • Restrooms clean • No animals • No smoking • No food/drink in work area • Towels properly stored • Proper waste containers
Inspector Signature: _________________________
PAGE 31 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 3 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Recommendation 3.3 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should ensure that its inspector checklists are sufficiently detailed and that inspectors consistently file them.
Inspector Training And Instruction Board staff reported that the board does not have internal written policies that detail inspector training. There are no education or experience requirements to be an inspector other than holding an active cosmetology license. This lack of instruction creates a risk of error or misconduct during inspections.
Recommendation 3.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop written policies and procedures for initial inspector training and ongoing inspector education.
No Policy For Complaints Against Inspectors Board staff reported that there are no formal policies or procedures that instruct staff on how to evaluate or process complaints against inspectors. There is also no policy on following up with a complainant, acknowledging concerns, or recording the details of an investigation.
Recommendation 3.5 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop written policies and procedures for review of complaints against inspectors and follow-up with those who submit complaints.
PAGE 32 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 4 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Chapter 4 Board Fines
Statutory And Regulatory Authority For Fines The board is not statutorily authorized to collect fines. KRS 317A.140(2) states that all payments collected in lieu of suspension should be deposited in the State Treasury and credited to the general fund.
However, an audit of the state’s Financial Analysis System shows that the board has received and kept $374,200 in fine revenue from FY 2022 to FY 2024.
Recommendation 4.1 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should work with the Office of the Controller in the Finance And Administration Cabinet to determine how the fine revenue can be returned to the general fund, as established in KRS 317A.140(2).
Recommendation 4.2 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should develop a policy for processing fine revenue that is inadvertently received. The policy should be provided to board members for adoption.
PAGE 33 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 4 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Process For Fines The board may issue a fine following an inspection or investigation. Fines are issued either through formal letters or agreed orders.
Formal letters are usually vague and do not specify the reason for the fine. Agreed orders may contain more detail, but many do not include the specific violation, corrective action, or supporting documentation. There is no follow-up to ensure that violations have been remedied.
Recommendation 4.3 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should implement an electronic tracking system to organize and search fines given.
Fine Data Analysis of fine data from 2019 to 2023 found that 46 percent of agreed orders did not include an inspection sheet. This sheet is essential to show that an inspection occurred and to document the reason for issuing a fine.
Additionally, many files were missing pictures, names, locations, or reasons for the inspection.
Recommendation 4.4 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should provide guidance or require corrective measures in either the agreed orders or formal letters to licensees to correct the violation that prompted the fine.
PAGE 34 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 4 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Inspection Sheets Often Missing Inspection sheets provide context for fines, but are commonly missing from fine files. These sheets list the results or findings of an inspection.
A review of fine files found inconsistent documentation. Some files contained only a receipt or a handwritten note.
Recommendation 4.5 Kentucky Board of Cosmetology staff should ensure the proper documentation of salon inspection sheets in all agreed order files.
Fine Analysis Difficult Due To Inconsistencies The board uses broad fine ranges that are not tied to specific violations or offense severity. This lack of structure creates the appearance of arbitrariness.
Fine data from 2019 to 2023 showed that the average fine increased by more than 400 percent and that higher fines have become more frequent.
Recommendation 4.6 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should develop smaller fine ranges tied to specific violations and include set progressions for repeat offenders and more severe offenses.
Recommendation 4.7 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should include the fine amount for each offense cited in the agreed orders and formal letters instead of a total amount.
PAGE 35 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Chapter 4 Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Payment Of Fines The board accepts only two fine payment methods: money orders and cashier’s checks. These payment methods are not trackable and can create a barrier for individuals paying fines. Less than 5 percent of households in Kentucky use money orders.
The lack of a variety of payment options can complicate payment processing and make it difficult to return fine revenue, as required by statute.
Recommendation 4.8 The Kentucky Board of Cosmetology should update its method of fine payment by adding an option to pay electronically.
Endnotes
Kentucky Revised Statutes (KRS) 317A.120.
Legislative Research Commission, “Senate Bill 14 Fiscal Note,” 2024.
Kentucky Revised Statutes (KRS) 317A.030.
Kentucky Board of Cosmetology, staff interview, July 23, 2024.
National Interstate Council of State Boards of Cosmetology, Continuing Education Report, 2023.
Kentucky Board of Cosmetology, inspection files 2019–2023, LOIC staff review.
State of Kentucky, Financial Analysis System (FAS) audit report, 2024.
PAGE 36 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Endnotes Legislative Oversight And Investigations
Ohio State Cosmetology and Barber Board, Fine Matrix, 2023.
Ohio State Cosmetology and Barber Board, Violation Matrix for Unlicensed Practice or Business, 2023.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, “How America Banks: Household Use of Banking and Financial Services,” 2021 FDIC National Survey.
PAGE 37 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Legislative Oversight And Investigations
(Blank page in original layout containing only LRC header.)
This page contains no substantive text beyond the header elements above.
PAGE 38 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Legislative Oversight And Investigations
(Another transitional page with only header/formatting, no main text.)
No content other than page styling and LRC identifiers.
PAGE 39 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Legislative Oversight And Investigations
(Blank/formatting page; no textual body content.)
This page contains no written content aside from header imagery/text that cannot be extracted.
PAGE 40 — EXACT TEXT
Legislative Research Commission Legislative Oversight And Investigations
(Blank page / end-of-chapter spacing)
There is no substantive text on this page.
📌 IMPORTANT NOTE
Pages 36–40 of the PDF contain almost no written body content — they are mostly endnotes (page 36) and blank or formatting pages used to structure the printed report.
This matches how Research Reports from the Kentucky LRC are formatted.
LEGAL NOTICE & DISCLAIMER
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) provides the information on this page solely for public education, regulatory literacy, and academic reference.
All documents reproduced or linked herein are:
Public records published by the Kentucky Legislative Research Commission (LRC),
Downloaded on December 4, 2025,
Presented exactly as-is, without modification, opinion, editorializing, or interpretation,
Provided without warranty, guarantee, or representation of completeness or accuracy,
Property of their respective governmental issuing bodies, not LBA.
Louisville Beauty Academy:
Does not provide legal advice, regulatory interpretation, or compliance determination,
Does not guarantee that any information here is current, complete, or applicable to any individual,
Assumes no responsibility or liability for how any person or organization chooses to use, interpret, rely on, or act upon the material,
Issues this content strictly for educational purposes,
Encourages all individuals and institutions to consult official agencies, legal counsel, or the Kentucky Board of Cosmetology for authoritative guidance.
By accessing or using any information on this page, the user agrees that:
They do so solely at their own risk,
They understand the information is public record reproduced verbatim,
LBA holds no liability for errors, omissions, delays, or outcomes associated with this material.
For the most accurate and authoritative information, always refer to: Kentucky Legislative Research Commission (LRC) — https://legislature.ky.gov Kentucky Board of Cosmetology — https://kycosmo.ky.gov
🏅 LOUISVILLE BEAUTY ACADEMY — STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
Louisville Beauty Academy remains committed to:
Transparency-first education
Open-record culture
Compliance literacy
Ethical beauty workforce development
National-level excellence modeled through public accountability
We believe:
When beauty professionals understand the law, the entire industry becomes safer, stronger, and more respected.
Thus, we proudly serve as a Center of Excellence and a public education partner for Kentucky and beyond.
A Moment of Pride, A Celebration of Collaboration, and a Testament to Humanization in Action
On December 3, 2025, the National Small Business Association (NSBA) — America’s longest-serving small-business advocacy organization — officially featured Di Tran, founder of Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), in its national “My Business, My Cause” spotlight and across its NSBAAdvocate.org platform and national social channels. The feature highlighted the heart, mission, and community impact of LBA as one of Kentucky’s leading workforce engines.
This national recognition is not only a proud moment for Di Tran personally — it is a proud moment for the entire Louisville Beauty Academy family, for the City of Louisville, for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, and for the United States.
A School Built on Humanization — Before Skill, Before Business
Louisville Beauty Academy was founded on the principle that humanization comes first.
This philosophy is deeply rooted in the emerging framework of Di Tran University (DTU) — often referred to as the “College of Humanization.” The foundation of this philosophy is simple but profound:
Human First → Value-Add → Skill → Business → Economy
Before we teach beauty techniques, before we talk about licensing, before we mention entrepreneurship, we focus on the person — their dignity, their confidence, their story, their hopes.
At LBA, every student is seen, heard, respected, and uplifted before anything else. This is why our classrooms feel like families. This is why more than 2,000 licensed graduates have built real careers and changed their families’ futures. This is why we produce not only licensed beauty professionals, but contributors to Kentucky’s economic strength.
Business Is Human. Business Is Collaboration. Business Is Shared Elevation.
The NSBA feature highlights the central message: small business is the engine of the American economy, but it only works through collaboration, shared support, and collective love.
The NSBA’s 2025 National Impact Report shows the scale of this collaboration:
14 million jobs saved through initiatives NSBA shaped
20% Qualified Business Income deduction permanently enacted for small-business owners
535 congressional districts represented through NSBA leadership
Multiple congressional testimonies, letters, and federal regulatory actions shaping policy nationally (See NSBA PDF, pages 1–4 for full details.) NSBA-LBA-Website-12-03-2025 _ W…
Louisville Beauty Academy stands proudly inside this national ecosystem — an ecosystem where small schools, small employers, and small families collectively build huge economic outcomes.
Why This NSBA Feature Matters to Louisville Beauty Academy
This national spotlight is more than an honor — it reinforces three core truths about LBA:
1. LBA Is a Human-First Academy
We exist to lift people up first, before teaching skills. This is the DTU philosophy in action.
2. LBA Is a Workforce Engine for Kentucky
Nearly 2,000 licensed graduates, contributing $20–50 million annual economic impact to the Commonwealth.
3. LBA Is Part of a National Ecosystem
We are not alone. We are surrounded by partners who believe in small business, education, and community development — including NSBA, local employers, Louisville organizations, and our state supporters.
A Message of Gratitude — From LBA to the World
On this special occasion, Louisville Beauty Academy expresses:
Thanks to God
For life, for purpose, for each breath that allows us to serve.
Thanks to Louisville
The city of love, diversity, and resilience — the city that embraced LBA and every immigrant and first-generation student who walks through our doors.
Thanks to Kentucky
The state of opportunity — where hard work and family values still matter, and where education transforms lives daily.
Thanks to the United States
The #1 country on Earth, where a small immigrant-founded school can rise, serve, and be recognized nationally.
Thanks to NSBA
For giving voice to small businesses, for elevating stories like ours, and for being a national advocate protecting the backbone of America’s economy.
“Value-Add” — The Daily Principle of Louisville Beauty Academy
At LBA, our founder Di Tran teaches one simple rule:
Value-add every single day — to yourself, your family, your community, and your state.
This principle guides:
our instructors
our students
our graduates
our outreach
our contribution to Kentucky’s workforce and economy
This NSBA feature is simply the outward reflection of what LBA practices daily — the quiet, humble work of serving people, one license at a time.
Proud, Grateful, Motivated — and Ready for More
Louisville Beauty Academy celebrates this moment not as a finish line, but as encouragement to keep serving with greater love, greater humanization, and greater commitment to Kentucky families.
**We rise by lifting others.
We grow by serving others. We succeed by adding value to others.**
From our family at LBA to yours — Thank you for believing in us. Thank you for walking with us. Thank you for letting us serve.
— Louisville Beauty Academy Kentucky’s Leading Beauty Licensing Workforce Engine Founded in Louisville, KY | Powered by Humanization | Fueled by Community
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
Meaning: Sticky layer after curing. Sentence: “This layer is normal — don’t remove until top coat.” LBA Tip:Do NOT wipe between layers unless instructed.
Heat Spikes in Gel
Meaning: Sharp heat during curing. Reason: Reaction too fast. Fix: ✔ Use thinner layers ✔ Flash cure ✔ Lower heat lamp mode
Chemicals can cause allergies if used incorrectly. LBA teaches students to avoid:
❌ Oversaturation of monomer ❌ Touching skin with gel or acrylic ❌ Pools of uncured gel ❌ Uncured gel under enhancements ❌ Using MMA monomer (illegal in Kentucky & most states) ❌ Mixing brands without knowledge ❌ Working in poorly ventilated areas
“For your safety, we cannot continue. Please see a medical professional.”
🧪 SECTION F — PRODUCT COMPATIBILITY
Mixing different brands can cause:
lifting
burning
poor adhesion
cracking
improper curing
allergies
At LBA we say:
“Same brand = safer chemistry.”
🛑 SECTION G — AVOID MMA (Methyl Methacrylate)
Illegal in many states Too strong for natural nails Causes:
❌ Allergies ❌ Permanent nail damage ❌ Natural nail tearing ❌ Over-strong adhesion
Use EMA monomer only.
🧼 SECTION H — STORAGE & HANDLING OF CHEMICALS
✔ Keep containers closed ✔ Avoid sunlight ✔ Store cool & dry ✔ Keep SDS documents ✔ Label everything ✔ Use small amounts at a time ✔ Ventilate workstation
❤️ LBA HUMANIZATION APPROACH™ — CHEMISTRY WITH CARE
Products are powerful. Your hands bring them to life with intention and love.
At Louisville Beauty Academy, we teach:
✔ Respect chemicals ✔ Use correct amounts ✔ Practice safe application ✔ Protect client’s skin ✔ Follow manufacturer rules ✔ Keep everything clean ✔ Never rush reactions
Say it:
YES I CAN™ understand product chemistry. YES I CAN™ avoid allergies and protect clients. YES I CAN™ apply safely and professionally. Soon I WILL say: I HAVE DONE IT™.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 20
What is monomer?
What is polymer?
What is polymerization?
What happens if acrylic is too wet?
What happens if acrylic is too dry?
Why is correct ratio important?
How do gels cure?
What activates photoinitiators?
Why does gel feel hot in the lamp?
What is an oxygen inhibition layer?
What is nail polish drying based on?
What does top coat do?
What does base coat prevent?
What chemical is nail glue made of?
What is resin used for?
Why use gel adhesive for rhinestones?
Why avoid touching skin with gel?
Why avoid using too much monomer?
Why is MMA dangerous?
Why use EMA instead of MMA?
Why follow brand systems?
Why can uncured gel cause allergies?
Why ventilate work area?
Why check SDS?
Why label chemical containers?
Why keep lids closed?
Why avoid mixing different UV gels?
What makes acrylic harden?
What makes polish dry?
Why avoid pools of gel?
Why keep acrylic brush clean?
Why avoid sunlight on gel products?
Why use thin gel layers?
Why avoid overfiling gel?
Why store chemicals cool?
Why does resin need activator?
Why avoid contaminating monomer jar?
Why remove dust before gel application?
Why avoid expired products?
Why avoid touching inhibition layer with bare hands?
Why wipe gel tools with alcohol?
Why follow curing times exactly?
Why avoid curing thick acrylic in lamp?
Why avoid glue on skin?
Why avoid applying gel in thick blobs?
Why avoid using acetone on gel before curing?
Why avoid acetone on brush hairs?
Why disinfect containers?
Why protect your license when handling chemicals?
What is the LBA mindset for chemistry?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 20
Liquid part
Powder part
Chemical reaction forming acrylic
Weak, lifting
Crumbly
Strength and adhesion
UV/LED light
Light
Fast reaction
Sticky top layer
Solvent evaporation
Shine + protection
Staining
Cyanoacrylate
Stronger adhesive
Strong hold + curing
Allergies
Weak acrylic
Harmful to nails
Safer alternative
Compatibility
Irritates skin
Reduce fumes
Safety rules
Avoid confusion
Prevent evaporation
Curing issues
Polymerization
Evaporation
Improper curing
Proper application
Premature curing
Safer curing
Weakens structure
Stability
Helps cure
Contamination
Better adhesion
Ineffective
Skin sensitization
Clean chemicals off
Full cure
Acrylic does not cure by light
Irritation
Won’t cure
Chemical damage
Damages brush
Hygiene
Legal safety
YES I CAN™ use chemistry with care, precision, safety, and professionalism.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
YES I CAN™ understand anatomy. YES I CAN™ protect the matrix, nail bed, skin & nerves. YES I CAN™ work safely and professionally. Soon I WILL say: I HAVE DONE IT™.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 19
What is the nail plate?
What is the free edge?
What is the nail bed?
What is the matrix?
What is the lunula?
What is the eponychium?
What is the cuticle?
What is the hyponychium?
What are nail folds?
What layer forms nails?
What is keratin?
What is melanin?
What is the epidermis?
What is the dermis?
Where are nerves located?
Where is pain felt?
What are phalanges?
What are metacarpals?
What bone is on thumb side?
What bone is on pinky side?
What bone is the shin?
What is the heel bone?
What muscles bend fingers?
What muscles straighten fingers?
What muscles bring fingers together?
What muscles move fingers apart?
Why must techs avoid cutting eponychium?
Why protect the matrix?
Why avoid cutting live skin?
Why avoid filing into hyponychium?
Why avoid applying pressure on sensitive nerves?
Why understand anatomy?
Why avoid product on nail folds?
Why avoid damaging nail bed?
Why remove cuticle?
Why avoid buffing too aggressively?
Why avoid over-filing?
Why know muscle direction for massage?
Why avoid pressure on bones?
Why never diagnose?
Why stop service if pain occurs?
Why avoid causing inflammation?
Why clean skin before product?
Why follow nail structure when shaping?
Why avoid hitting live tissue?
Why work gently near nerves?
Why know layers of skin?
Why avoid cutting into nail plate?
Why avoid damage to perionychium?
What is the LBA mindset for anatomy?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 19
Visible nail
Nail beyond finger
Skin under plate
Nail growth area
Half-moon
Living skin at base
Dead skin on plate
Skin under free edge
Surrounding skin
Matrix
Nail protein
Skin pigment
Outer skin
Middle skin
In dermis
Dermis
Finger bones
Palm bones
Radius
Ulna
Tibia
Calcaneus
Flexors
Extensors
Adductors
Abductors
It is living skin
Controls nail growth
Infection/injury
Pain/injury
Avoid discomfort
Safety + exam success
Causes lifting
Pain + damage
Adhesion
Thins nail
Weakens nail
Proper massage
Pain
Outside scope
Safety
Infection risk
Adhesion
Natural flow
Injury
Sensitivity
Safety knowledge
Weakens nail
Inflammation risk
YES I CAN™ understand the body and use that knowledge to protect, care, and serve with love and professionalism.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) — YES I CAN™ Protect Clients, Myself & My License Through Safety
This chapter is one of the MOST important in the entire textbook. It protects:
your clients
your future career
your license
your reputation
Louisville Beauty Academy teaches:
“Cleanliness is kindness. Disinfection is professionalism. Safety is love.”
🛑 LEGAL & HEALTH WARNING
Nail technicians must follow state law. Dirty tools = violation + infection + potential lawsuit.
This is why LBA teaches:
“If it touches one client, it MUST be cleaned before the next.”
🔑 KEYWORDS, DEFINITIONS, EXAMPLES & SENTENCES
(ESL-friendly, liability-safe)
1. Bacteria
Meaning: Single-cell organisms; some harmful, some harmless. Sentence: “We disinfect tools to kill harmful bacteria.” LBA Tip:Tiny but powerful.
2. Nonpathogenic Bacteria
Meaning: Harmless bacteria. Sentence: “Not all bacteria cause disease.” LBA Tip:Safe type.
3. Pathogenic Bacteria
Meaning: Harmful bacteria that cause infection. Sentence: “Pathogenic bacteria are why we disinfect everything.” LBA Tip:Dangerous.
4. Virus
Meaning: Small infectious particle that replicates inside cells. Sentence: “We avoid touching open skin to prevent viral spread.” LBA Tip:Very contagious.
5. Fungus
Meaning: Organisms like mold or yeast that cause infections like onychomycosis. Sentence: “We stop service if we see fungal nails.” LBA Tip:Spreads easily.
6. Parasites
Meaning: Organisms living on another organism (lice, mites). Sentence: “We never work on clients with parasites.” LBA Tip:Stop service.
7. Infection
Meaning: Invasion of body tissues by harmful organisms. Sentence: “Redness, swelling, pus = STOP the service.” LBA Tip:Infection = no service.
8. Clean (Cleaning)
Meaning: Remove visible dirt and debris. Sentence: “Cleaning is the first step before disinfection.” LBA Tip:Remove dirt.
9. Sanitize (Sanitizing)
Meaning: Reduce germs to a safe level. Sentence: “Sanitizing hands protects both client and technician.” LBA Tip:Lower germs.
10. Disinfect (Disinfection)
Meaning: Use of chemicals to kill MOST harmful organisms. Sentence: “Spray or immerse tools according to manufacturer rules.” LBA Tip:Kill pathogens.
11. Sterilize (Sterilization)
Meaning: Kills ALL organisms (spores included). Sentence: “Sterilization is not required in all states for nail techs.” LBA Tip:Highest level.
12. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
Meaning: U.S. agency that registers disinfectants. Sentence: “We only use EPA-registered disinfectants.” LBA Tip:Legal product.
13. MSDS / SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
Meaning: Document explaining chemical safety rules. Sentence: “Every product at LBA has an SDS available.” LBA Tip:Know your chemicals.
14. Contamination
Meaning: Presence of harmful substances or organisms. Sentence: “Contaminated tools must NEVER touch clients.” LBA Tip:Dirty = danger.
15. Universal Precautions
Meaning: Treat all bodily fluids as potentially infectious. Sentence: “We wear gloves if there’s any risk of blood.” LBA Tip:Always safe.
16. Blood Exposure Incident
Meaning: Event where blood appears during service. Sentence: “Stop, glove up, clean, disinfect, bandage, document.” LBA Tip:Professional response.
17. Antiseptic
Meaning: Used on skin to reduce microorganisms. Sentence: “We apply antiseptic for small accidental nicks.” LBA Tip:Skin-safe cleaner.
18. Disinfectant
Meaning: Chemical that kills bacteria, virus, fungus on surfaces. Sentence: “Disinfectant must be EPA-registered.” LBA Tip:Tool cleaner.
19. Quats (Quaternary Ammonium Compounds)
Meaning: Common salon disinfectant type. Sentence: “Quats disinfect metal tools effectively.” LBA Tip:Soak tools in quats.
20. Autoclave
Meaning: Device that sterilizes using heat and pressure. Sentence: “Some states require autoclaves—LBA uses them for extra safety.” LBA Tip:Highest-level safety.
🧼 LBA LEVELS OF INFECTION CONTROL
1. Cleaning
✔ Remove debris ✔ Soap + water ✔ Before disinfection
2. Disinfection
✔ EPA-registered product ✔ Required by state board ✔ Kills pathogens ✔ Do NOT use on skin
3. Sterilization
✔ Optional or required depending on state ✔ Kills ALL microorganisms
At LBA we teach:
“Clean first, disinfect second, sterilize when required.”
🛁 HOW TO DISINFECT TOOLS — LBA PROTOCOL
1. Clean Tools First
✔ Scrub with warm water + soap ✔ Remove all visible debris
2. Rinse & Dry Completely
✔ Water weakens disinfectant ✔ Tools must be dry
3. Soak in EPA-Registered Disinfectant
✔ Follow manufacturer time (usually 10 minutes) ✔ Fully submerged ✔ Use covered container
4. Remove Tools With Tongs or Gloves
✔ Do not touch disinfectant directly
5. Rinse & Dry
✔ Air-dry on clean towel
6. Store in Clean, Closed Container
✔ NEVER store with dirty tools
🧴 OTHER SANITATION RULES (LBA GOLD STANDARD)
✔ Use a NEW file for each client (or disinfectable file if allowed) ✔ Use a NEW buffer for each client ✔ Change towels between clients ✔ Clean table after each client ✔ Wear gloves for pedicures ✔ Wash hands between clients ✔ Replace disinfectant daily ✔ Keep lids closed ✔ Never double-dip into product ✔ Do not reuse waxing sticks ✔ Keep implements organized and labeled
At LBA we teach:
“Organization is sanitation. Cleanliness is protection.”
⚠️ WHEN TO STOP SERVICE IMMEDIATELY
❌ Blood ❌ Pus ❌ Odor ❌ Fungus ❌ Swelling ❌ Open wounds ❌ Infected skin ❌ Warts ❌ Yellow/brown nails ❌ Ringworm ❌ Lice/mite activity ❌ Suspicious growths
State board rule is:
STOP → SANITIZE → DOCUMENT → REFER
❤️ LBA HUMANIZATION APPROACH™ — CLEANLINESS IS LOVE
At Louisville Beauty Academy, infection control is an act of care.
YES I CAN™ keep my environment clean. YES I CAN™ protect every client. YES I CAN™ follow laws and regulations. YES I CAN™ become a safety leader. Soon I WILL say: I HAVE DONE IT™.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 18
What is bacteria?
What is the difference between pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria?
What is a virus?
What is fungus?
What are parasites?
What is contamination?
Why is cleaning the first step?
What is disinfection?
What is sterilization?
Who registers disinfectants?
What is SDS?
What is a blood exposure incident?
Why use gloves?
Why avoid touching disinfectant with bare hands?
Why cannot disinfectants be used on skin?
Why treat all blood as infectious?
What is universal precautions?
What are quats?
Why follow manufacturer instructions?
Why must tools be fully submerged?
Why rinse tools after disinfecting?
Why store clean tools separately?
Why replace disinfectant daily?
Why clean workstation after each client?
Why avoid reusing files?
Why change towels between clients?
Why stop service if infection is seen?
Why is fungus contagious?
Why avoid covering green nails?
Why disinfect foot baths?
Why should dirty towels not contact clean tools?
Why label containers?
Why avoid double dipping?
Why keep SDS available?
Why avoid expired disinfectants?
Why avoid sharing personal items?
Why disinfect table surfaces?
Why wear masks when filing?
Why dry tools before disinfecting?
Why use tongs to remove tools?
Why sanitize hands between clients?
Why keep products covered?
Why avoid touching clean tools with dirty gloves?
Why avoid overcrowding disinfectant trays?
Why inspect disinfectant for cloudiness?
Why must techs know state laws?
Why report blood exposure?
Why never skip sanitation?
Why protect your license?
What is the LBA mindset for infection control?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 18
Single-celled organisms
Harmless vs harmful
Infectious particle
Mold/yeast organisms
Live on host
Dirty or infected
Remove debris
Kill pathogens
Kill all organisms
EPA
Chemical safety sheet
Blood appears
Protection
Chemical hazard
Too harsh
Safety
Treat all as infectious
Salon disinfectant chemicals
Safety & effectiveness
Complete contact
Remove chemical residue
Prevent contamination
Maintain strength
Clean environment
Prevent cross-contamination
Hygiene
Safety
Spreads easily
Hides infection
Prevent bacteria growth
Cross-contamination risk
Identify contents
Prevent contamination
Safety information
Less effective
Prevent spread
Remove pathogens
Reduce dust inhalation
Water weakens solution
Avoid skin contact
Hygiene
Prevent contamination
Recontamination
Reduce effectiveness
Signals contamination
Legal requirement
Documentation
High risk of infection
Career protection
YES I CAN™ keep everything clean, safe, and compliant every day.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
Meaning: Excess dry skin near nail. Sentence: “Moisturize and gently push back.” LBA Tip:Dry area.
B. NAIL DISEASES (Infectious – STOP SERVICE)
❌ Never perform service ❌ Refer to a medical professional
10. Onychomycosis (Nail Fungus)
Meaning: Fungal infection of nail plate or bed. Signs: yellow, brown, thick nails. Sentence: “We cannot service fungal nails—please see a doctor.” LBA Tip:STOP service.
11. Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s Foot)
Meaning: Fungal foot infection. Sentence: “No pedicure today—this must be medically treated.” LBA Tip:STOP immediately.
12. Paronychia
Meaning: Bacterial infection around nail fold. Signs: redness, swelling, pain. Sentence: “This looks infected—I must refer you to a doctor.” LBA Tip:Inflamed area—stop.
13. Onychia
Meaning: Inflammation of the nail matrix. Sentence: “We cannot perform service—seek medical care.” LBA Tip:Matrix infection.
14. Onycholysis
Meaning: Nail separating from nail bed. Sentence: “We cannot apply product to lifted nails.” LBA Tip:Do not glue or cover.
15. Pseudomonas (“Green Nail Syndrome”)
Meaning: Bacterial infection causing green discoloration. Sentence: “Green nails require medical attention—no service today.” LBA Tip:Never cover green nails.
16. Warts (Verruca)
Meaning: Viral growth on hands/feet. Sentence: “No service—warts are contagious.” LBA Tip:Highly contagious.
17. Herpetic Whitlow
Meaning: Viral infection on fingers. Sentence: “We cannot touch or service viral lesions.” LBA Tip:Stop service completely.
C. SKIN DISORDERS & CONDITIONS
Some safe, some NOT safe
18. Eczema
Meaning: Dry, inflamed patches. Safe? ✔ With caution Sentence: “We can proceed but avoid irritated areas.” LBA Tip:Gentle only.
19. Psoriasis (on nails)
Meaning: Thick, pitted, flaky nail surface. Safe? ✔ With caution Sentence: “Avoid aggressive filing—work gently.” LBA Tip:Non-infectious.
20. Dermatitis
Meaning: Skin inflammation. Safe? ✔ Mild only Sentence: “If it looks inflamed or painful, we should stop.” LBA Tip:Client comfort.
21. Calluses
Meaning: Thickened skin from pressure. Safe? ✔ Yes, gently Sentence: “We smooth calluses, but never cut deeply.” LBA Tip:Safety first.
22. Corns
Meaning: Hardened skin on toes. Safe? ✔ Light smoothing Sentence: “We do not cut corns—only medical professionals can.” LBA Tip:Light work only.
23. Cracked Heels
Meaning: Dry splits in heel skin. Safe? ✔ Only if superficial Unsafe if: bleeding, deep Sentence: “Bleeding cracks mean stop and refer.” LBA Tip:Avoid deep cracks.
24. Edema (Swelling)
Meaning: Fluid buildup causing swelling. Safe? ❌ NO Sentence: “Swelling means stop service.” LBA Tip:Immediate stop.
25. Varicose Veins
Meaning: Swollen, twisted veins. Safe? ✔ Light only Sentence: “We avoid pressure over varicose veins.” LBA Tip:Gentle safety.
26. Bruising
Meaning: Broken blood vessels under skin. Safe? ✔ Avoid touching Sentence: “We work around bruised areas.” LBA Tip:Avoid pressure.
🧼 LBA TEST RULE: WHEN TO STOP SERVICE
Stop service immediately if you see:
❌ Pus ❌ Bleeding ❌ Green, yellow, brown discoloration ❌ Thick fungal growth ❌ Open skin ❌ Warts ❌ Extreme lifting ❌ Deep cracks ❌ Swelling ❌ Pain ❌ Strong odor
Say:
“I cannot perform the service today for your safety.”
❤️ LBA HUMANIZATION APPROACH™ — SAFETY IS LOVE
At Louisville Beauty Academy, safety is a form of love and protection.
We teach students:
✔ Care first ✔ Beauty second ✔ Safety always ✔ Never fear saying “No” ✔ Your license is your career
Say it:
YES I CAN™ recognize disorders safely. YES I CAN™ know when to stop service. YES I CAN™ protect my clients. YES I CAN™ protect my license. Soon I WILL say: I HAVE DONE IT™.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 17
What is the nail technician’s role with disorders?
Why must techs avoid diagnosing?
What is onychomycosis?
What is tinea pedis?
Is psoriasis infectious?
What should tech do if nail is green?
What is paronychia?
Why avoid working on warts?
What is onycholysis?
Why avoid covering lifted nails?
What are Beau’s lines?
What is leukonychia?
Why avoid deep cracks?
Why avoid inflamed skin?
Why avoid working on swollen feet?
Why avoid working on pus?
Why is eczema safe with caution?
What is dermatitis?
Why avoid filing brittle nails too much?
Why stop service if bleeding?
Why avoid aggressive filing on psoriasis nails?
Why trim only dead hangnails?
Why must fungal infections be referred?
What is onychauxis?
Why choose gentle service for thickened nails?
Why avoid corns cutting?
What is pseudomonas infection?
Why avoid service on green nails?
Why avoid touching viral lesions?
Why wear gloves for infections?
Why disinfect tools?
Why check for pain during service?
Why clean and dry nails?
Why avoid buffing natural nails too thin?
Why avoid over-softening skin?
Why avoid treating athlete’s foot?
Why avoid squeezing inflamed skin?
Why keep area sanitized?
Why ensure files are new?
Why speak kindly when refusing service?
Why avoid lotions on open skin?
Why avoid sharing tools?
Why inspect nails before service?
Why record unusual findings?
Why follow state regulations?
Why avoid covering discoloration?
Why protect your license?
Why stop service if client is in pain?
Why avoid sharp tools near infection?
What is the LBA mindset for disorders?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 17
Recognize, not diagnose
Outside scope
Nail fungus
Athlete’s foot
No
Stop and refer
Infection around nail fold
Contagious
Nail separating
Worsens condition
Grooves from growth disruption
White spots
Infection risk
Sensitivity
Swelling = stop
Sign of infection
Non-infectious
Skin inflammation
Prevent breakage
Blood = stop
Sensitive surface
Avoid cutting live skin
Requires medical treatment
Thickened nail
Prevent pain
Only doctors can cut
Bacterial “green nail” infection
Contagious, unsafe
Viral infections spread
Protection
Hygiene
Safety
Adhesion + hygiene
Weakens nail
Increases sensitivity
Medical condition
Painful and unsafe
Prevent contamination
Prevent cross-infection
Professionalism
Infection risk
Sanitation
Safety
Documentation
Legal safety
Could hide disease
Career protection
Safety issue
Spread infection
YES I CAN™ recognize and refer. YES I CAN™ protect health, safety, and my license.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) — YES I CAN™ Provide Safe, Relaxing, Professional Massage Movements
Massage is one of the most comforting parts of a manicure or pedicure. It is not only physical relaxation — it is emotional care and human connection.
At Louisville Beauty Academy, we teach:
“Massage is kindness through movement. Gentle, controlled, and respectful.”
This chapter covers the cosmetology/nail technician level massage movements — NOT medical massage.
🔑 KEYWORDS WITH DEFINITIONS, EXAMPLES & SENTENCES
(ESL-friendly, LBA humanized)
1. Massage
Meaning: Gentle rubbing, pressing, and movement of soft tissues. Sentence: “At LBA, massage means gentle touch to relax, not deep therapy.” LBA Tip:Relaxation, not treatment.
2. Effleurage
Meaning: Long, gliding strokes. Use: Start and end of massage. Sentence: “We begin with effleurage to warm the skin and muscles.” LBA Tip:Smooth glide.
3. Petrissage
Meaning: Kneading, squeezing, or lifting movements. Use: Increase relaxation. Sentence: “Petrissage gently lifts and rolls the muscles.” LBA Tip:Soft kneading.
4. Tapotement
Meaning: Light tapping movements. Use: Stimulate skin lightly. Sentence: “We avoid tapotement on sensitive or elderly clients.” LBA Tip:Tap lightly.
5. Friction
Meaning: Circular or deep rubbing movements. Use: Warm and loosen tight areas. Sentence: “Friction is controlled, gentle, and never painful.” LBA Tip:Small circles.
6. Vibration
Meaning: Rapid shaking movement using fingertips. Use: Relaxation and stimulation. Sentence: “Vibration is light and used for short moments.” LBA Tip:Quick shake.
7. Lotion / Cream
Meaning: Product used to reduce friction. Sentence: “We use enough lotion to glide — not too much.” LBA Tip:Smooth movement.
8. Contraindication
Meaning: Reason to STOP or modify massage service. Examples: swelling, infection, open wounds, pain, circulatory problems. Sentence: “If we see a contraindication, we stop massage immediately.” LBA Tip:Safety first always.
9. Reflexology Zone (Basic Awareness Only)
Meaning: Areas on hands/feet connected to nerve endings. Note: Nail techs do NOT practice medical reflexology — only light pressure is allowed. Sentence: “We avoid claiming medical benefits — we give safe relaxation only.” LBA Tip:Awareness, not treatment.
10. Aromatherapy (Optional)
Meaning: Using scented lotion or oils. Sentence: “Some clients enjoy lavender lotion for relaxation.” LBA Tip:Avoid allergens.
Hands & feet contain many small muscles used for: ✔ grasping ✔ flexing ✔ extending ✔ balance
Nerves
Touch sensation and movement.
Blood Flow
Massage increases circulation slightly, but nail techs must not claim medical benefits.
🧼 LBA STEP-BY-STEP — HAND & ARM MASSAGE
Used during manicures.
1. Effleurage (Warm-Up)
✔ Long gliding strokes from wrist to elbow ✔ Repeat 3–5 times
2. Petrissage (Kneading)
✔ Gentle kneading of forearm muscles ✔ Light pressure only
3. Friction (Circular Movements)
✔ Small circles on palm and wrist ✔ Avoid wrist pain areas
4. Tapotement (Optional)
✔ Light tapping on back of hand ✔ Avoid elderly clients
5. Effleurage (Close Sequence)
✔ Final long strokes ✔ Calm and complete
🧼 LBA STEP-BY-STEP — FOOT & LOWER LEG MASSAGE
Used during pedicures.
1. Effleurage (Start)
✔ From ankle upward ✔ Slow strokes
2. Petrissage on Calf Muscles
✔ Light kneading ✔ Avoid deep pressure
3. Friction Movements
✔ Circles around heel ✔ Circles around ball of foot ✔ Light pressure only
4. Vibration (Optional)
✔ Quick shake on top of foot
5. Final Effleurage
✔ Soothing to finish
⚠️ LBA CONTRAINDICATIONS — WHEN TO STOP MASSAGE
Stop immediately if client has:
❌ Open wounds ❌ Fungus ❌ Swelling ❌ Severe varicose veins ❌ Recent surgery ❌ Diabetic ulcers ❌ Blood clots / circulatory issues ❌ Skin infection ❌ Loss of sensation ❌ Pain during massage
LBA teaches students to say:
“For your safety, I cannot perform massage today. I recommend you see a medical professional.”
❤️ LBA HUMANIZATION APPROACH™ — MASSAGE WITH HEART
Massage is human-to-human connection. A moment of care, respect, and dignity.
At LBA we teach:
✔ Move gently ✔ Speak kindly ✔ Make clients feel safe ✔ Honor their comfort zone ✔ Communicate clearly ✔ Adjust pressure based on them
Say it with us:
YES I CAN™ give safe, loving massage. YES I CAN™ help clients feel comfortable. YES I CAN™ protect their safety. YES I CAN™ pass my license exam confidently. Soon I WILL say: I HAVE DONE IT™.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 16
What is massage?
What is effleurage?
Why is effleurage used first?
What is petrissage?
Why avoid deep petrissage?
What is tapotement?
Why avoid tapotement on elderly clients?
What is friction movement?
Why use lotion during massage?
What is vibration movement?
What must nail techs avoid claiming?
What is a contraindication?
Name one contraindication for massage.
Why stop massage if pain occurs?
Why sanitize hands before massage?
Why avoid massage on infected skin?
Why avoid massage on swollen areas?
Why avoid deep pressure on calves?
Why use light pressure on hands?
Why end with effleurage?
What bone is in the forearm?
What bone is in the lower leg?
Why avoid massaging broken skin?
Why avoid massaging clients with blood clots?
Why dry feet/hands before massage?
Why avoid too much lotion?
Why communicate pressure preference?
Why avoid lotion on nail plate before polish?
Why use soft kneading?
Why avoid massaging over varicose veins?
Why avoid fast, rough movements?
Why check temperature of lotion?
What is the purpose of friction?
Why avoid working near bones aggressively?
Why practice good posture?
Why keep massage movements slow?
Why maintain professionalism?
Why avoid squeezing fingers too tightly?
Why work toward the heart?
Why avoid hot stones in nail tech services?
Why avoid loud talking during massage?
What is aromatherapy?
Why check for allergies?
Why avoid massaging diabetics too strongly?
Why clean area after massage?
Why don’t nail techs diagnose pain?
Why avoid twisting client wrists?
Why use both hands for balance?
Why keep pressure consistent?
What is the LBA mindset for massage?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 16
Gentle relaxation movements
Long gliding strokes
Warm up muscles
Kneading
Avoid injury
Tapping
Sensitive skin
Circular rubbing
Reduce friction
Light shaking
Medical benefits
Reason to stop service
Swelling, infection, cuts
Safety
Hygiene
Infection spread
May worsen
Risk of harm
Tender areas
Calm finish
Radius/ulna
Tibia/fibula
Infection risk
Dangerous
Prevent slipping
Too slippery
Comfort
Causes lifting
Relaxation
Risk of injury
Too aggressive
Prevent shock
Warm tight areas
Painful
Prevent fatigue
Relaxation
Standards
Painful
Encourage circulation
Out of scope
Maintain calm
Scented oils/lotion
Prevent reaction
Sensitive circulation
Hygiene
Out of scope
Safety
Balance
Comfort
YES I CAN™ massage safely, gently, respectfully, and professionally.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) — YES I CAN™ Care for Natural Nails Gently, Safely & Professionally
Manicuring is the foundational skill of every nail technician. Before acrylic, gel, art, or extensions—there must be strong natural nail care.
Louisville Beauty Academy teaches:
“A manicure is not just a service. It is care, hygiene, human connection, and trust.”
This chapter teaches every step needed for:
natural nail health
shaping and polishing
state board testing
real salon practice
safety and sanitation
🔑 KEYWORDS, DEFINITIONS, EXAMPLES & SENTENCES
(ESL-friendly, LBA humanized)
1. Manicure
Meaning: Beauty service for natural nails and hands. Includes: shaping, cuticles, buffing, massage, polish. Sentence: “At LBA, a manicure means gentle care and perfect hygiene.” LBA Tip:The foundation of all nail services.
Sentence: “We choose nail shape based on client preference and nail strength.” LBA Tip:Shape = personality.
3. Emery Board / Nail File
Meaning: Tool used to shape the free edge. Sentence: “We file in one direction to avoid splitting.” LBA Tip:Gentle filing.
4. Buffer Block
Meaning: Soft block used for smoothing nail surface. Sentence: “Buffer creates smoothness for polish to stay.” LBA Tip:Smooth canvas.
5. Cuticle Remover
Meaning: Product used to soften cuticle (dead skin only). Sentence: “At LBA, we soften cuticles—never cut living skin.” LBA Tip:Softens for gentle push.
6. Cuticle Pusher
Meaning: Tool used to push cuticles gently. Sentence: “We push—never scrape too hard.” LBA Tip:Gentle motion.
7. Cuticle Nipper (for dead skin only)
Meaning: Small tool to trim dead, non-living cuticle only. Sentence: “We trim only dead skin—never living skin.” LBA Tip:Safety first.
Meaning: Relaxing movement applied to hands and forearms. Sentence: “Massage relaxes the client and increases comfort.” LBA Tip:Human connection.
10. Base Coat / Polish / Top Coat
Meaning: Polish system used for color and protection. Sentence: “Base grips, color shines, top protects.” LBA Tip:Three-step beauty.
11. Nail Oil
Meaning: Moisturizer applied around cuticle after service. Sentence: “Oil protects hydration and nourishes skin.” LBA Tip:Finish with love.
12. Sanitation, Disinfection, Sterilization
Sanitize: remove surface debris Disinfect: kill most pathogens Sterilize: kills all organisms (state-dependent)
Sentence: “LBA teaches that sanitation is the FIRST and LAST step.” LBA Tip:Clean before beauty.
🧼 LBA STEP-BY-STEP MANICURE PROCEDURE (STATE BOARD + REAL SALON)
1. Sanitize Hands (Student & Client)
✔ Apply sanitizer ✔ Confirm no cuts or infections ✔ If any concern → STOP and refer
2. Remove Old Polish
✔ Acetone or non-acetone ✔ Cotton + foil if needed
3. Shape Nails
✔ Use file ✔ One direction ✔ Choose preferred shape
Sentence: “Shape first to avoid filing over wet nails.”
4. Soak Hands (1–2 minutes, MAX)
✔ Warm water ✔ Light soak ✔ Do not over-soften nails
5. Apply Cuticle Remover
✔ Apply carefully ✔ Work on ONE hand at a time
6. Gently Push Cuticles
✔ Use cuticle pusher ✔ Light pressure ✔ Never push painfully
7. Trim Dead Skin Only
✔ Remove non-living cuticle ✔ Avoid live skin ✔ Safety is the goal
8. Buff Nail Surface (Lightly)
✔ Smooth ridges ✔ Do NOT thin the nail
9. Clean Nails Thoroughly
✔ Brush or wipe ✔ Remove oil & dust
10. Hand Massage (Optional for State Board)
✔ Lotion ✔ Effleurage movements ✔ Avoid deep pressure on elderly or diabetic clients
11. Apply Base Coat
✔ Thin layer ✔ Do not flood cuticle
12. Apply Polish (Color)
✔ Two thin layers ✔ Clean edges ✔ Allow proper drying time
13. Apply Top Coat
✔ Full coverage ✔ Seal the free edge
14. Cuticle Oil (AFTER polish dries)
✔ Final moisturizing step
⚠️ LBA SAFETY & LIABILITY REMINDERS
Students must avoid:
❌ Cutting live skin ❌ Using nippers too aggressively ❌ Leaving soaking too long ❌ Over-filing the natural nail ❌ Sharing files or buffers ❌ Working on infected nails ❌ Using metal pusher too harshly ❌ Allowing polish to flood the cuticle ❌ Using lotions that cause allergies
LBA teaches:
“A safe manicure protects the client, protects your license, and protects your future as a professional.”
✋ NATURAL NAIL SHAPES & WHEN TO USE THEM
1. Square
✔ Strong ✔ Modern ✔ Good for long nail beds
2. Round
✔ Great for short nails ✔ Natural look
3. Oval
✔ Feminine ✔ Soft edges
4. Almond
✔ Trendy ✔ Best with medium length
5. Squoval
✔ Most universal ✔ Strong + soft edge
❤️ LBA HUMANIZATION APPROACH™ — MANICURE WITH CARE
Manicuring is one of the most human services in beauty. You are touching someone’s hands — their daily tools — with respect and love.
YES I CAN™ give a perfect, safe, loving manicure. YES I CAN™ help clients feel renewed. YES I CAN™ pass my exam with confidence. Soon I WILL say: I HAVE DONE IT™.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 15
What is a manicure?
What is the first step in a manicure?
Why remove polish before work?
Why shape nails before soaking?
Why should nails be filed in one direction?
What does over-soaking do to nails?
Why use cuticle remover?
Why must pushing be gentle?
What should only be trimmed?
Why avoid cutting living skin?
Why buff lightly?
Why clean nails before polish?
What is base coat used for?
Why apply polish in thin layers?
Why seal the free edge?
When is cuticle oil applied?
Why avoid flooded cuticles?
Why disinfect tools?
Why avoid sharing buffers/files?
What nail shape suits most people?
Why sanitize hands first?
Why avoid over-filing?
Why use lotion for massage?
Why avoid deep pressure for elderly clients?
Why is top coat important?
Why must nails be dry before polish?
What is a finger bowl used for?
Why remove dead skin only?
Why wear gloves for certain clients?
Why avoid services on infected nails?
Why file the free edge?
Why does dust cause lifting?
Why use a fresh file for each client?
Why dry hands after soaking?
Why check for cuts?
Why avoid using nippers on hangnails?
Why brush nails before polish?
Why clean polish mistakes immediately?
Why use a buffer before gel polish?
Why avoid thick base coats?
Why must brush not touch cuticle?
Why apply lotion after polish?
Why ask client for shape preference?
Why let polish fully dry?
Why disinfect table surfaces?
Why practice good posture?
Why keep station organized?
Why check for allergies?
Why use proper lighting?
What is the LBA mindset for manicuring?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 15
Natural nail care
Sanitize hands
Clean base for service
Avoid filing over wet nails
Prevent splitting
Weakens nails
Soften dead cuticle
Prevent injury
Non-living cuticle
Illegal & unsafe
Protect natural nail
Remove oil/dust
Adhesion
Prevent smudging
Prevent chipping
After drying
Causes lifting
Hygiene
Avoid cross-contamination
Squoval
Hygiene
Prevent thinning
Smooth massage
Thin skin
Shine + protection
Adhesion
Soaking fingers
Safety
Protection
Infection risk
Shape
Blocks adhesion
Sanitation
Prevent water under polish
Safety
Cuts live skin
Remove dust
Clean look
Smooth surface
Causes wrinkling
Causes flooding
Prevent smears
Personal preference
Prevent smudging
Sanitation
Reduce fatigue
Speed & safety
Prevent reactions
Better accuracy
YES I CAN™ care gently, safely, and beautifully for natural nails.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA), The College of Human Service of Di Tran University, proudly shares Chapter X of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK — 2025 Edition. As part of our mission to humanize education and remove fear from the licensing process, we are releasing all 50 chapters online for free for students, schools, ESL learners, and future beauty professionals across the nation.
Each chapter is part of the most comprehensive nail licensing textbook ever created, designed specifically for State Board Theory & Practical and built on our core philosophies: YES I CAN™ (courage, confidence) and I HAVE DONE IT™ (achievement, professionalism).
Louisville Beauty Academy continues to adapt and adopt at light speed, providing not only this complete textbook but also upcoming videos, visual guides, and step-by-step practical demonstrations, all aimed at ensuring every learner feels supported and empowered.
LBA is proud to serve as a true YES I CAN™ institution and a Center of Excellence in beauty education.
Louisville Beauty Academy (LBA) — YES I CAN™ Create, Express, Inspire Through Nail Art
Nail art is not only decoration. It is communication. Expression. Human connection.
At Louisville Beauty Academy, we teach:
“Every line, every dot, every color is a feeling. Nail art is human expression on a tiny canvas.”
This chapter gives you mastery over both technical nail art and the LBA philosophy of beauty, creativity, and care.
🔑 KEYWORDS, DEFINITIONS, EXAMPLES & SENTENCES
(ESL-friendly, LBA humanized)
1. Dotting Tool
Meaning: Metal or plastic tool used to create dots. Use: Flowers, patterns, eyes, polka dots. Sentence: “At LBA, we use dotting tools for small and perfect details.” LBA Tip:Small detail maker.
2. Striper Brush (Striping Brush)
Meaning: Long thin brush for lines. Use: French lines, geometric art, stripes. Sentence: “The striper brush helps us make clean long lines.” LBA Tip:Line maker.
3. Detail Brush
Meaning: Very thin brush for fine designs. Sentence: “Detail brushes create precise art like lettering.” LBA Tip:Tiny brush, big talent.
4. Fan Brush
Meaning: Brush shaped like a fan. Use: Ombre, glitter spread. Sentence: “The fan brush helps create soft blended effects.” LBA Tip:Blend tool.
5. Ombre Sponge
Meaning: Sponge used to blend two or more colors. Use: Gradient designs. Sentence: “Ombre sponges help fade colors smoothly.” LBA Tip:Soft fade.
6. Foil
Meaning: Shiny decorative film pressed into gel or adhesive. Use: Metallic designs. Sentence: “We press foil on tacky gel to create shiny effects.” LBA Tip:Instant shine.
7. Rhinestones / Crystals
Meaning: Small decorative gems. Use: High-end art, 3D looks. Sentence: “At LBA, stones are secured with strong gel or glue.” LBA Tip:Sparkle safely.
8. Striping Tape
Meaning: Thin metallic tape for lines. Use: Clean geometric designs. Sentence: “Striping tape must be sealed with top coat to last.” LBA Tip:Perfect straight lines.
9. Pigments / Chrome Powder
Meaning: Fine powder that creates chrome or neon effects. Sentence: “Chrome powder rubs onto a cured surface for mirror shine.” LBA Tip:Powder magic.
10. 3D Gel / Acrylic Art
Meaning: Pushed-up, sculptural designs. Sentence: “3D art lifts the design above the nail surface.” LBA Tip:Art that stands out.
11. Watercolor Technique
Meaning: Diluted polish/gel to create soft art. Sentence: “Watercolor technique is gentle, airy, and artistic.” LBA Tip:Soft art.
12. Matte Top Coat
Meaning: No-shine finish. Sentence: “Matte top coat changes the whole mood of the design.” LBA Tip:Soft finish.
13. Glossy Top Coat
Meaning: High shine finish. Sentence: “Glossy top coat seals and brightens nail art.” LBA Tip:Shine finish.
14. Decals / Stickers
Meaning: Pre-made designs applied on nail. Sentence: “We use decals for quick but beautiful art.” LBA Tip:Fast creativity.
15. Encapsulation (Gel or Acrylic)
Meaning: Locking art under clear layer. Sentence: “Encapsulation protects the design and adds depth.” LBA Tip:Art inside glass.
🎨 LBA COLOR THEORY — SIMPLE & POWERFUL
At Louisville Beauty Academy, we teach color like this:
“Color is emotion. Choose color based on the story you want to express.”
🌈 BASIC DESIGN TYPES
1. Line Art
Thin lines
Geometric shapes
Minimalist designs
2. Floral Art
Petals
Leaves
Nature-inspired
3. Abstract Art
Waves
Splashes
Free movement
4. 3D Nail Art
Sculpted flowers
Raised shapes
5. Character/Cartoon Art
Requires detail brush control
🧼 LBA SAFE NAIL ART PROCEDURE (General)
1. Prep & Clean Nail Surface
✔ Apply base ✔ Cure (for gel) ✔ Keep surface free of oils
2. Apply Color Base
✔ One or two coats ✔ Cure each layer
3. Create your Nail Art
✔ Using brushes, tools, gels, powders ✔ Thin layers ✔ Cure if using gel
4. Seal the Design
✔ Top coat (matte or glossy) ✔ Cure ✔ Avoid touching skin
5. Optional — Encapsulation
✔ Clear gel or acrylic layer ✔ Smooth out any 3D decoration ✔ Seal again
⚠️ LBA SAFETY & LIABILITY REMINDERS (IMPORTANT)
Students MUST avoid:
❌ Touching gel art to skin ❌ Leaving rhinestones unsecured ❌ Using contaminated brushes ❌ Bending or filing over uncured gel ❌ Using glitter chunks near cuticle ❌ Mixing unknown chemicals ❌ Thick layers that won’t cure ❌ Practicing on broken or infected nails
LBA teaches:
“Beautiful art is SAFE art.”
❤️ LBA HUMANIZATION ART APPROACH™
Louisville Beauty Academy teaches nail art as a moment of love and creation.
Students learn to:
✔ Ask the client their story ✔ Match design to their personality ✔ Use color to uplift their mood ✔ Add small touches that mean something ✔ Show care through precise detail
At LBA we teach:
“Art is expression, but also connection.”
📝 50 LICENSING-STYLE QUESTIONS — CHAPTER 14
What tool makes dots?
What brush creates fine lines?
What brush makes long clean stripes?
What tool blends colors smoothly?
Why use a fan brush?
Why must nail art layers be thin?
What is chrome powder?
How is foil applied?
Why seal striping tape?
Why secure rhinestones with strong gel?
Why must tools be clean?
Why avoid thick layers of gel polish in art?
Why cure each layer separately?
Why avoid touching art before sealing?
What is encapsulation?
Why use detail brush carefully?
Why avoid stickers near cuticle?
Why use matte top coat?
Why use glossy top coat?
Why sanitize hands before art service?
Why avoid overloading brush?
Why avoid dust on nail before art?
Why must gel art not touch skin?
Why cure rhinestone gel fully?
Why choose colors based on emotion?
What does warm color express?
What do cool colors express?
What are neutrals used for?
Why remove tacky layer before certain effects?
Why must surface be smooth before art?
Why avoid thick rhinestones for working clients?
Why use activator with foil gel?
Why seal art with top coat?
Why let encapsulated art fully cure?
Why test brushes before design?
Why use high-quality pigments?
Why place rhinestones after curing base?
Why avoid mixing brands without knowledge?
Why be careful with glitter near cuticle?
Why use striping tape on dry surface?
Why avoid shaking gel polish?
Why store brushes away from light?
Why avoid dragging brush too hard?
Why check for allergic reactions?
Why ask client about preferences?
Why avoid overly long nail art prep?
Why must 3D art be sealed or secured?
Why choose color based on client skin tone?
Why clean brush between colors?
What is the LBA mindset for nail art?
📝 ANSWER KEY — CHAPTER 14
Dotting tool
Detail brush
Striper brush
Ombre sponge
Soft blending
Prevents lifting and curing issues
Powder for chrome effect
Press onto sticky layer
Prevent peeling
Long-lasting hold
Prevent contamination
Won’t cure properly
Prevent wrinkling
Smudging risk
Encasing art under clear layer
Precision
Causes lifting
Soft, no-shine finish
Shine and protection
Hygiene
Prevent blobs
Prevent peeling
Avoid allergies/lifting
Security
Match mood/story
Energy
Calmness
Balance
Powder won’t stick correctly
Clean canvas
Could catch on things
Helps adhesion
Protect art
Prevents peeling
Smooth application
Better results
Better adhesion
Chemistry issues
Lifting
Stickiness
Causes bubbles
Light cures gel
Could remove design
Safety
Personalization
Client comfort
Stability
Match aesthetics
Avoid muddy colors
YES I CAN™ create art with heart, safety, skill and beauty.
To access the full announcement and explore all 50 chapters of THE COMPLETE NAIL LICENSING MASTER BOOK, visit:
